The understanding of the fundamental properties of the climate system has long benefitted from the use of simple numerical models able to parsimoniously represent the essential ingredients of its processes. Here, we introduce a new model for the atmosphere that is constructed by supplementing the now-classic Lorenz ’96 one-dimensional lattice model with temperature-like variables. The model features an energy cycle that allows for energy to be converted between the kinetic form and the potential form and for introducing a notion of efficiency. The model’s evolution is controlled by two contributions—a quasi-symplectic and a gradient one, which resemble (yet not conforming to) a metriplectic structure. After investigating the linear stability of the symmetric fixed point, we perform a systematic parametric investigation that allows us to define regions in the parameters space where at steady-state stationary, quasi-periodic, and chaotic motions are realised, and study how the terms responsible for defining the energy budget of the system depend on the external forcing injecting energy in the kinetic and in the potential energy reservoirs. Finally, we find preliminary evidence that the model features extensive chaos. We also introduce a more complex version of the model that is able to accommodate for multiscale dynamics and that features an energy cycle that more closely mimics the one of the Earth’s atmosphere.

长期以来，对气候系统基本特性的理解一直受益于使用简单的数值模型，这些模型能够简约地代表其过程的基本要素。在这里，我们介绍了一种新的大气模型，该模型是通过对现在经典的Lorenz '96一维晶格模型补充类似温度的变量而构造的。该模型具有一个能量循环，该能量循环允许能量在动力学形式和势能形式之间转换，并引入效率概念。该模型的演化受两方面的控制：准渐近的和梯度的，它们类似于（但不符合）中电结构。在研究对称不动点的线性稳定性之后，我们进行了系统的参数研究，可让我们在参数空间中定义在稳态下实现准静态运动，准周期运动和混沌运动的区域，并研究负责定义系统能量预算的术语如何依赖于在动能库和势能库中的外部强迫注入能量。最后，我们发现该模型具有广泛混沌的初步证据。我们还介绍了该模型的一个更复杂的版本，该模型能够适应多尺度动力学，并且具有一个能更紧密地模仿地球大气层的能量循环。并研究负责定义系统能量预算的术语如何取决于在动能库和势能库中的外部强迫注入能量。最后，我们发现该模型具有广泛混沌的初步证据。我们还介绍了该模型的一个更复杂的版本，该模型能够适应多尺度动力学，并且具有一个能更紧密地模仿地球大气层的能量循环。并研究负责定义系统能量预算的术语如何取决于在动能库和势能库中的外部强迫注入能量。最后，我们发现该模型具有广泛混沌的初步证据。我们还介绍了该模型的一个更复杂的版本，该模型能够适应多尺度动力学，并且具有一个能更紧密地模仿地球大气层的能量循环。