Key message

Ca²⁺ NPs enhanced tolerance of Triticale callus under salt stress by improving biochemical activity and confocal laser scanning analysis, conferring salt tolerance on callus cells.

Abstract

CaO NPs (Ca²⁺) are significant components that act as transducers in many adaptive and developmental processes in plants. In this study, effect of Ca²⁺ NPs on the response and regulation of the protective system in Triticale callus under short and long-salt treatments was investigated. The activation of Ca²⁺ NPs was induced by salt stress in callus of Triticale cultivars. MDA, H₂O₂, POD, and protein activities were determined in callus tissues. Concerning MDA, H₂O₂, protein activities, it was found that the Ca²⁺ NPs treatment was significant, and it demonstrated a high correlation with the tolerance levels of cultivars. Tatlıcak cultivar was detected for better MDA activities in the short time with 1.5 ppm Ca²⁺ NPs concentration of 50 g and 100 g NaCl. Similarly, the same cultivar responded with better H₂O₂ activity at 1.5 ppm Ca²⁺ NPs 100 g NaCl in the short time. POD activities exhibited a decreasing trend in response to the increasing concentrations of Ca²⁺ NPs. The best result was observed at 1.5 ppm Ca²⁺ NPs 100 g NaCl in the short term. Based on the protein content, treatment of short-term cultured callus cells with 1.5 ppm Ca²⁺ NPs inhibited stress response and it significantly promoted Ca²⁺ NPs signals as compared to control callus. Confocal laser scanning analysis proved that the application of Ca²⁺ NPs could alleviate the adverse effects of salt stress by the inhibition of stress severity in callus cells. This study demonstrated, under in vitro conditions, that the application of Ca²⁺ NPs can significantly suppress the adverse effects of salt stress on Triticale callus; it was also verified that the concentration of Ca²⁺ NPs could be important parameter to be considered in adjusting the micronutrient content in the media for this plant.

中文翻译：

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CaO纳米粒子对短期和长期盐胁迫下黑小麦愈伤组织的体外影响

关键信息

Ca ²⁺ NPs通过提高生化活性和共聚焦激光扫描分析来增强黑小麦愈伤组织在盐胁迫下的耐受性，赋予愈伤组织细胞耐盐性。

抽象的

CaO NPs (Ca ²⁺ ) 是重要的成分，在植物的许多适应性和发育过程中充当传感器。本研究研究了Ca ²⁺ NPs 对短盐和长盐处理下黑小麦愈伤组织保护系统反应和调节的影响。盐胁迫诱导黑小麦愈伤组织Ca ²⁺ NPs的活化。在愈伤组织中测定了MDA、H ₂ O ₂、POD 和蛋白质活性。关于 MDA、H ₂ O ₂、蛋白质活性，发现 Ca ²⁺NPs处理是显着的，它与品种的耐受性水平高度相关。^{在 1.5 ppm Ca 2+} NPs 浓度为 50 g 和 100 g NaCl 的情况下， Tatlıcak品种在短时间内检测到更好的 MDA 活性。类似地，同一品种在 1.5 ppm Ca ²⁺ NPs 100 g NaCl 的短时间内反应更好的 H ₂ O _2活性。^{随着Ca 2+} NPs浓度的增加，POD 活性呈下降趋势。短期内在 1.5 ppm Ca ²⁺ NPs 100 g NaCl时观察到最好的结果。^{根据蛋白质含量，用 1.5 ppm Ca 2+}处理短期培养的愈伤组织细胞与对照愈伤组织相比，NPs 抑制应激反应并显着促进Ca ^{2+ NPs 信号。}共聚焦激光扫描分析证明，Ca ²⁺ NPs 的应用可以通过抑制愈伤组织细胞的应激严重程度来减轻盐胁迫的不利影响。本研究表明，在体外条件下，Ca ²⁺ NPs 的应用可以显着抑制盐胁迫对黑小麦愈伤组织的不利影响；还证实，Ca ²⁺ NPs 的浓度可能是调整该植物培养基中微量营养素含量时需要考虑的重要参数。