Long has the standard of care for substance use disorder (SUD) been pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, or rehabilitation with varying success. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) may have a beneficial reduction in the addiction-reward pathway. Recent studies have found reduced relapse and improvements in quality of life following DBS stimulation of the nucleus accumbens. We aim to identify positive outcomes and adverse effects to assess the viability of DBS as a treatment of addiction. A PubMed search following PRISMA guidelines was conducted to identify the entirety of reports reporting DBS as a treatment for SUD. Outcomes were extracted from the literature to be summarized, and a review of the quality of publications was also performed. From 2305 publications, 14 studies were found to fit the inclusion criteria published between 2007 and 2019. All studies targeted the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and remission rates at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, and more than 6 years were 61% (20/33), 53% (17/32), 43% (14/30), and 50% (3/6), respectively. Not all studies detailed the stimulation settings or coordinates. The most common adverse effect across studies was a weight change of at least 2 kg. DBS shows potential as a long-term treatment of SUD in refractory patients. Further studies with controlled double-blind paradigms are needed for evaluation of the efficacy and safety of this treatment. Future studies should also investigate other brain regions for stimulation and optimal device stimulation parameters.

长期以来，物质使用障碍 (SUD) 的护理标准是药物治疗、心理治疗或康复，并取得了不同程度的成功。深部脑刺激 (DBS) 可能有益于减少成瘾奖励途径。最近的研究发现 DBS 刺激伏隔核后复发减少，生活质量提高。我们的目标是确定积极的结果和不利影响，以评估 DBS 作为成瘾治疗的可行性。遵循 PRISMA 指南进行了 PubMed 搜索，以确定报告 DBS 作为 SUD 治疗方法的全部报告。从要总结的文献中提取结果，并对出版物的质量进行审查。从 2305 份出版物中，发现 14 项研究符合 2007 年至 2019 年间发表的纳入标准。所有研究均针对伏隔核 (NAc)，6 个月、1 年、2 年和 6 年以上的缓解率分别为 61% (20/33)、53% (17/32)、43% (14/30) ) 和 50% (3/6)，分别。并非所有研究都详细说明了刺激设置或坐标。研究中最常见的不良反应是体重变化至少 2 公斤。DBS 显示出长期治疗难治性患者 SUD 的潜力。需要使用受控双盲范式进行进一步研究，以评估这种治疗的有效性和安全性。未来的研究还应该调查其他大脑区域的刺激和最佳设备刺激参数。并非所有研究都详细说明了刺激设置或坐标。研究中最常见的不良反应是体重变化至少 2 公斤。DBS 显示出长期治疗难治性患者 SUD 的潜力。需要使用受控双盲范式进行进一步研究，以评估这种治疗的有效性和安全性。未来的研究还应该调查其他大脑区域的刺激和最佳设备刺激参数。并非所有研究都详细说明了刺激设置或坐标。研究中最常见的不良反应是体重变化至少 2 公斤。DBS 显示出长期治疗难治性患者 SUD 的潜力。需要使用受控双盲范式进行进一步研究，以评估这种治疗的有效性和安全性。未来的研究还应该调查其他大脑区域的刺激和最佳设备刺激参数。