Estimating groundwater inflows in rock deep tunnels is critical to the safety of personnel constructing the tunnel and the cost of construction. This paper presents two case studies for estimating steady-state groundwater inflows into deep rock tunnels. The case studies included the Chattahoochee and Nancy Creek tunnels. In this paper, statistical methods were applied to packer test data obtained from exploratory borings during geotechnical site investigations. A semi-empirical procedure was utilized for estimating groundwater inflows into these deep rock tunnels. It is the most widely used method/procedure in the tunnel industry. The Chattahoochee and Nancy Creek tunnels are deep rock tunnels which exhibit radial flow conditions. For the radial flow condition, a statistical analysis presented in this paper indicates that the semi-empirical procedure works well; however, variations in the procedure and/or an insufficient amount of testing could lead to underestimations of the inflow quantities. Packer test data plotted in histograms were observed in all cases to be log-normally distributed for the radial flow condition. Modeling using Monte Carlo simulations was observed to be an effective tool for removing irregularities in the distribution of the data and incorporating high-end permeability data to derive reasonable groundwater inflow estimates. This paper is based on the PhD thesis entitled “Improvements to the Current State of the Practice in Steady-State, Groundwater Inflow Estimates into Rock Tunnels based on the Application of Statistical Analysis Methods of Packer Test Data obtained from Exploratory Borings During Geotechnical Site Investigations.”

中文翻译：

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通过案例研究进行验证的估算深岩隧道地下水流入量的地质统计学解决方案

估算深岩隧道中的地下水流入量对于隧道施工人员的安全和施工成本至关重要。本文介绍了两个案例研究，用于估算进入深岩隧道的稳态地下水流入量。案例研究包括 Chattahoochee 和 Nancy Creek 隧道。在本文中，统计方法应用于岩土工程现场调查期间从勘探钻孔中获得的封隔器测试数据。半经验程序用于估算流入这些深岩隧道的地下水。它是隧道行业中使用最广泛的方法/程序。Chattahoochee 和 Nancy Creek 隧道是具有径向流条件的深岩隧道。对于径向流动条件，本文中的统计分析表明，半经验程序运行良好；然而，程序的变化和/或测试量不足可能导致对流入量的低估。在所有情况下观察到绘制在直方图中的封隔器测试数据在径向流动条件下呈对数正态分布。使用 Monte Carlo 模拟进行建模被认为是消除数据分布中的不规则性并结合高端渗透率数据以得出合理的地下水流入估算值的有效工具。本文基于题为“对稳态实践现状的改进，