Gastrointestinal tract lesions are major causes of acute abdominal pain. A rapid, accurate, and reliable diagnosis is required to manage patients. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a nonionizing modality that is beneficial for pregnant women, children, and young adults who are sensitive to ionizing radiation. For patients with renal impairment who are not accurately diagnosed with noncontrast computed tomography, noncontrast MRI can serve as an alternative diagnostic modality. MRI protocols used for acute abdominal pain are supposed to be optimized and prioritized to shorten scanning times. Single-shot T2-weighted and fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging are important pulse sequences that are used to reveal pathology and inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. Diffusion-weighted imaging clearly depicts inflammation and abscesses as hyperintense lesions. Most acute gastrointestinal tract lesions, including inflammation, ischemia, obstruction, and perforation, demonstrate bowel wall thickening. Bowel obstruction and adynamic ileus present bowel dilatation, and perforation and penetration show bowel wall defects. MRI can be used to reveal these pathological findings with some characteristics depending on their underlying pathophysiology. This review article discusses imaging modalities for acute abdominal pain, describes a noncontrast MRI protocol for acute abdominal pain caused by gastrointestinal tract lesions, and reviews MRI findings of acute gastrointestinal tract lesions.

胃肠道病变是急性腹痛的主要原因。需要快速，准确和可靠的诊断来管理患者。磁共振成像（MRI）是一种非电离模式，对于对电离辐射敏感的孕妇，儿童和年轻成年人很有用。对于没有通过非对比计算机断层扫描准确诊断的肾功能不全患者，非对比MRI可以作为另一种诊断方式。应对用于急性腹痛的MRI方案进行优化和优先处理，以缩短扫描时间。单次T2加权和脂肪抑制的T2加权成像是重要的脉冲序列，可用于揭示胃肠道的病理和炎症。扩散加权成像清楚地将炎症和脓肿描述为高强度病变。大多数急性胃肠道病变，包括炎症，局部缺血，阻塞和穿孔，均表现为肠壁增厚。肠梗阻和无动力性肠梗阻表现为肠扩张，穿孔和穿透显示肠壁缺损。MRI可以根据其潜在的病理生理学特征，揭示具有某些特征的这些病理学发现。这篇综述文章讨论了急性腹痛的成像方式，描述了由胃肠道病变引起的急性腹痛的非对比MRI方案，并回顾了急性胃肠道病变的MRI发现。表现出肠壁增厚。肠梗阻和无动力性肠梗阻表现为肠扩张，穿孔和穿透显示肠壁缺损。MRI可以根据其潜在的病理生理学特征，揭示具有某些特征的这些病理学发现。这篇综述文章讨论了急性腹痛的成像方式，描述了由胃肠道病变引起的急性腹痛的非对比MRI方案，并回顾了急性胃肠道病变的MRI发现。表现出肠壁增厚。肠梗阻和无动力性肠梗阻表现为肠扩张，穿孔和穿透显示肠壁缺损。MRI可以根据其潜在的病理生理学特征，揭示具有某些特征的这些病理学发现。这篇综述文章讨论了急性腹痛的成像方式，描述了由胃肠道病变引起的急性腹痛的非对比MRI方案，并回顾了急性胃肠道病变的MRI发现。