Leptospirosis is a disease usually acquired by humans through water contaminated with the urine of rodents that comes into direct contact with the cutaneous lesions, eyes, or mucous membranes. The disease has an important environmental component associated with climatic conditions and natural disasters, such as floods. We analyzed the relationship between rainfall and temperature and the incidence of leptospirosis in the top 30 municipalities with the highest numbers of cases of the disease in the period of 2007 to 2016. It was an ecological study of the time series of cases of leptospirosis, rainfall, and temperature with lags of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks. A multilevel negative binomial regression model was implemented to evaluate the relationship between leptospirosis and both meteorological factors. In the 30 evaluated municipalities during the study period, a total of 5136 cases of leptospirosis were reported. According to the implemented statistical model, there was a positive association between the incidence of leptospirosis and rainfall with a lag of 1 week and a negative association with temperature with a lag of 4 weeks. Our results show the importance of short-term lags in rainfall and temperature for the occurrence of new cases of leptospirosis in Colombia.

中文翻译：

---

气象因素对哥伦比亚人类钩端螺旋体病的影响

钩端螺旋体病是一种疾病，通常由人类通过被啮齿动物尿液污染的水感染，这些水与皮肤病变、眼睛或粘膜直接接触。该疾病具有与气候条件和自然灾害（如洪水）相关的重要环境因素。我们分析了 2007 年至 2016 年期间钩端螺旋体病病例数最多的前 30 个直辖市的降雨与温度与钩端螺旋体病发病率的关系。和温度滞后 0、1、2、3 和 4 周。实施多级负二项式回归模型以评估钩端螺旋体病与两种气象因素之间的关系。在研究期间的 30 个评估城市中，共报告了 5136 例钩端螺旋体病。根据实施的统计模型，钩端螺旋体病发病率与降雨量呈正相关，滞后 1 周，与温度呈负相关，滞后 4 周。我们的研究结果表明，降雨和温度的短期滞后对于哥伦比亚钩端螺旋体病新病例发生的重要性。