There are more than 80 kinds of autoimmune diseases known at present, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as well as other disorders. Autoimmune diseases have a characteristic of immune responses directly attacking own tissues, leading to systematic inflammation and subsequent tissue damage. B cells play a vital role in the development of autoimmune diseases and differentiate into plasma cells or memory B cells to secrete high-affinity antibody or provide long-lasting function. Drugs targeting B cells show good therapeutic effects for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as rituximab (anti-CD20 antibody). Src family protein kinases (SFKs) are believed to play important roles in a variety of cellular functions such as growth, proliferation, and differentiation of B cell via B cell antigen receptor (BCR). Lck/Yes-related novel protein tyrosine kinase (LYN), BLK (B lymphocyte kinase), and Fyn are three different kinds of SFKs mainly expressed in B cells. LYN has a dual role in the BCR signal. On the one hand, positive signals are beneficial to the development and maturation of B cells. On the other hand, LYN can also inhibit excessively activated B cells. BLK is involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and immune tolerance of B lymphocytes, and further affects the function of B cells, which may lead to autoreactive or regulatory cellular responses, increasing the risk of autoimmune diseases. Fyn may affect the development of autoimmune disorders via the differentiation of B cells in the early stage of B cell development. This article reviews the recent advances of SFKs in B lymphocytes in autoimmune diseases.

目前已知的自身免疫性疾病有80多种，包括类风湿性关节炎（RA）、系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）、系统性硬化症（SSc）、炎症性肠病（IBD）以及其他疾病。自身免疫性疾病的特点是免疫反应直接攻击自身组织，导致系统性炎症和随后的组织损伤。B细胞在自身免疫性疾病的发生发展中起着至关重要的作用，并分化为浆细胞或记忆B细胞，分泌高亲和力抗体或提供长效功能。靶向B细胞的药物对自身免疫性疾病的治疗显示出良好的治疗效果，如利妥昔单抗（抗CD20抗体）。Src 家族蛋白激酶 (SFK) 被认为在多种细胞功能中发挥重要作用，例如生长、增殖、通过B 细胞抗原受体 (BCR)。Lck/Yes 相关的新型蛋白酪氨酸激酶 (LYN)、BLK（B 淋巴细胞激酶）和 Fyn 是三种主要在 B 细胞中表达的 SFK。LYN 在 BCR 信号中具有双重作用。一方面，阳性信号有利于B细胞的发育成熟。另一方面，LYN还可以抑制过度活化的B细胞。BLK 参与 B 淋巴细胞的增殖、分化和免疫耐受，进一步影响 B 细胞的功能，可能导致自身反应或调节性细胞反应，增加自身免疫性疾病的风险。菲英岛可能会影响自身免疫性疾病的发展通过B 细胞在 B 细胞发育早期的分化。本文综述了SFKs在自身免疫性疾病B淋巴细胞中的研究进展。