Efforts are being made to contain rabies in Tanzania, reported in the southern highland regions, since 1954, and endemic in all districts in Tanzania currently. It has been determined that mass vaccination of at least \(70\%\) of a domestic animal population is most effective in reducing transmission of rabies. Current vaccination campaigns in Tanzanian villages have many administrative and logistical challenges. Animals roam freely, making a full population vaccination impossible. Spatial sampling of households in villages is proposed, where optimality is measured through the distance traversed by the vaccinator by foot for vaccinating at each sampled household. The walking distance is attained by incorporating a driving network between optimally determined stopping points from which the vaccinator then walks for executing vaccinations, while ensuring the \(70\%\) coverage of the animal population. We illustrate the sampling schemes on a real dataset using simulations. A systematic regular spatial sampling is found to be optimal. The vaccination scheme proposed, provides an effective way to manage a vaccination campaign.

自1954年以来，南部高地地区已有报道称坦桑尼亚正在努力遏制狂犬病，目前坦桑尼亚的所有地区都在流行。已确定大规模疫苗接种至少为\（70 \％\）的家畜种群中最有效的减少狂犬病的传播。坦桑尼亚村庄目前的疫苗接种运动面临许多行政和后勤挑战。动物可以自由漫游，因此不可能进行全面的疫苗接种。提出了村庄中家庭的空间抽样，其中最优性是通过接种者步行到每个抽样家庭进行接种的距离来衡量的。步行距离是通过在最佳确定的停止点之间合并驱动网络来实现的，接种者随后从步行点开始步行以执行疫苗接种，同时确保\（70 \％\）动物种群的覆盖率。我们使用仿真说明了真实数据集上的采样方案。发现系统的常规空间采样是最佳的。提出的疫苗接种计划为管理疫苗接种活动提供了有效的方法。