Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells of stromal origin that possess self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into multiple mesodermal cell lineages. They play a critical role in tissue homeostasis and wound healing, as well as in regulating the inflammatory microenvironment through interactions with immune cells. Hence, MSCs have garnered great attention as promising candidates for tissue regeneration and cell therapy. Because the inflammatory niche plays a key role in triggering the reparative and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs, priming of MSCs with bioactive molecules has been proposed as a way to foster the therapeutic potential of these cells. In this paper, we review how soluble mediators of the inflammatory niche (cytokines and alarmins) influence the regenerative and immunomodulatory capacity of MSCs, highlighting the major advantages and concerns regarding the therapeutic potential of these inflammatory primed MSCs. The data summarized in this review may provide a significant starting point for future research on priming MSCs and establishing standardized methods for the application of preconditioned MSCs in cell therapy.

中文翻译：

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炎性位：可溶介质介导的间质基质细胞。

间充质基质/干细胞（MSC）是基质来源的成体干细胞，具有自我更新能力和分化成多种中胚层细胞谱系的能力。它们在组织动态平衡和伤口愈合以及通过与免疫细胞的相互作用调节炎症微环境中起着关键作用。因此，作为组织再生和细胞疗法的有希望的候选者，MSC已经引起了极大的关注。因为炎性位在触发MSC的修复和免疫调节功能中起着关键作用，所以有人提出用生物活性分子引发MSC来增强这些细胞的治疗潜力。在本文中，我们回顾了炎性小生境的可溶性介体（细胞因子和警报蛋白）如何影响MSC的再生和免疫调节能力，突出了关于这些炎症引发的MSC的治疗潜力的主要优点和关注点。本文综述的数据可能为将来的启动MSCs和建立标准化方法提供了重要的起点，该方法适用于预处理的MSCs在细胞治疗中的应用。