The study examines whether non-native listeners leverage their L2 lexicon during a phonetic identification task and whether lexical bias is influenced by word position and length. Native English and native Mandarin speakers were tested on English words where the natural sibilant was replaced by one member of a nine-step [s]/[ʃ] continuum. English speakers experience a lexical bias effect for longer words. No clear bias was observed for Mandarin participants, although age of arrival correlated with amount of lexical bias but only in the initial position of longer words. These results suggest that language proficiency and higher-order linguistic representations drive perception.

中文翻译：

---

第二语言感知中的词汇偏向：单词位置，到达年龄和母语语音

这项研究检查了非本地听众在语音识别任务中是否利用了他们的L2词典，以及词汇偏向是否受到单词位置和长度的影响。以英语为母语的普通话为母语的人测试了英语单词，其中自然的sibilant被九步[s] / [ʃ]连续体的一个成员代替。说英语的人会遇到单词较长的词汇偏见效应。对于普通话参加者，没有观察到明显的偏见，尽管到达年龄与词汇偏见的数量有关，但仅在较长单词的初始位置。这些结果表明，语言能力和高阶语言表示法会驱动感知。