Biopolymers are driving the plastic industry to the next generation of environmentally friendly bioproducts, considering green chemistry principles and contemporary economic concepts, such as environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria. Hence, microbial biopolymers arise in this context. Resulting from a natural carbon and energy storage process, polyhydroxyalkanoates are the raw material for a range of products based on plastic, with the advantage of being biodegradable in a short period of time. Discovering new biopolymers with different properties, carbon sources and PHA-related enzymes will facilitate market development as well as competition with petrochemical polymers. This work reports the experimental findings of PHA production and genomic data for two bacteria, Ralstonia pickettii and Aquitalea sp ., isolated from a blackwater lake located in the ecological reserve of Tupé, Iranduba, AM, Brazil. They were able to produce PHB from carbon sources related to sugar, and R. pickettii also produced PHB from soybean oil and lignin derivatives. Whole-genome sequencing of these isolates enabled the identification of the genetic background to use other oxidizable carbon sources, such as lactic and malonic acids, amino acids, and lignin. Bacteria possibly capable of polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis from lignin were investigated by genomics and chemistry of biomaterials. Aquitalea sp and Ralstonia pickettii isolated from a blackwater lake rich humic substances, showed great potential to be developed for this purpose. Canonical lignin degradation pathways, such as protocatechuate 4,5-dioxygenase-dependent pathway, CoA-dependent non- β -oxidation pathway of ferulic acid and β -ketoadipate pathway were mapped in their genomes. In addition, traces of P(3HB) were found when using vanillic and gallic acids as sole carbon source, which indicates that the downstream β-ketoadipate pathway is functional.

中文翻译：

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亚马逊黑水湖微生物勘探及聚羟基链烷酸酯合成细菌全基因组测序

考虑到绿色化学原理和当代经济概念，例如环境、社会和治理 (ESG) 标准，生物聚合物正在推动塑料行业向下一代环保生物产品发展。因此，在这种情况下出现了微生物生物聚合物。聚羟基链烷酸酯源自天然碳和能量储存过程，是一系列基于塑料的产品的原材料，具有可在短时间内生物降解的优势。发现具有不同特性、碳源和 PHA 相关酶的新生物聚合物将促进市场发展以及与石化聚合物的竞争。这项工作报告了两种细菌 Ralstonia pickettii 和 Aquitalea sp. 的 PHA 生产和基因组数据的实验结果。与位于巴西伊兰杜巴图佩生态保护区的黑水湖隔离。他们能够从与糖相关的碳源生产 PHB，而 R.pickettii 也从大豆油和木质素衍生物生产 PHB。这些分离物的全基因组测序能够鉴定遗传背景以使用其他可氧化的碳源，例如乳酸和丙二酸、氨基酸和木质素。通过基因组学和生物材料化学研究了可能能够从木质素合成聚羟基链烷酸酯的细菌。从富含腐殖质的黑水湖中分离出的 Aquitalea sp 和 Ralstonia pickettii 显示出为此目的而开发的巨大潜力。典型的木质素降解途径，例如原儿茶酸 4,5-双加氧酶依赖性途径，阿魏酸的 CoA 依赖性非 β-氧化途径和 β-酮己二酸途径被定位在它们的基因组中。此外，在使用香草酸和没食子酸作为唯一碳源时发现了痕量 P(3HB)，这表明下游 β-酮己二酸途径是有功能的。