Abstract A series of viologen derivatives, 1,1′-bistriphenylamine-4,4′-bipyridine (2TPAV2+(PF6−)2), 1,1′-bis(N-phenylpyrrole)− 4,4′-bipyridine (2PPV2+(PF6−)2), and 1,1′-bis(N-phenylcarbazole)− 4,4′-bipyridine (2PCV2+(PF6−)2), were synthesized. The electrochemical and electrochromic properties of these viologen derivatives were investigated. Electrochromic devices (ECDs) based on these viologen derivative exhibited reversible, multicolored changes under applied voltages. Among them, the optical contrast of ECD based on 2PCV2+(PF6−)2 reached 62.1% and 62.5% at 617 nm and 716 nm, respectively.

中文翻译：

---

基于具有各种取代基的紫精衍生物的多色和高对比度电致变色装置

摘要 一系列紫精衍生物，1,1'-双三苯胺-4,4'-联吡啶(2TPAV2+(PF6−)2), 1,1'-双(N-苯基吡咯)− 4,4'-联吡啶(2PPV2+( PF6-)2)和1,1'-双(N-苯基咔唑)-4,4'-联吡啶(2PCV2+(PF6-)2)被合成。研究了这些紫精衍生物的电化学和电致变色性能。基于这些紫精衍生物的电致变色装置 (ECD) 在外加电压下表现出可逆的多色变化。其中，基于 2PCV2+(PF6-)2 的 ECD 在 617 nm 和 716 nm 处的光学对比度分别达到 62.1% 和 62.5%。