Evaporation ponds are a known cost-effective option which are also environmentally-friendly enough to be considered a viable solution for disposal of oil-produced water (OPW), especially in areas with high evaporation rates. However, there is no study to particularly relate OPW physico-chemical properties and climatic variables to optimum dimensions of evaporation ponds. This study therefore, presents a multi-objective-stochastic optimization framework, as a first attempt, to determine optimum dimensions of evaporation ponds considering simultaneous effects of climatic variables and OPW physico-chemical parameters on OPW evaporation (OPWE) rates. Daily-based experimental-data were collected from oilfield located at South-Eastern Arabian-Peninsula for a period of one-year. A model was derived using dimensional-analysis to estimate OPWE as a function of OPW physico-chemical properties, clear-water evaporation, and climatic variables. Fifty-stochastic evaporation scenarios were examined to include uncertainties associated with climatic and OPW parameters. Conditional-Value-at-Risk was utilized to reduce the risk of OPW overflow from evaporation ponds. A multi-objective NSGA-II model was developed to simultaneously maximize average volume of OPWE, minimize evaporation pond dimensions and also the risk of OPW overflow. Results show that the derived OPWE model performed exceptionally well in OPWE estimation by involving key parameters influencing the OPWE. Moreover, it was found that developed framework increased the magnitude of OPWE up to 20%. While inaccurate evaporation estimation can seriously increase probability of failure of evaporation ponds, the proposed framework was found to be efficient to determine the optimum dimensions of evaporation ponds for disposal of not only the OPW, but also other industrial and mining wastewater.

蒸发池是一种已知的具有成本效益的选择，它还具有足够的环境友好性，被认为是处置采油水（OPW）的可行解决方案，尤其是在蒸发率高的地区。但是，尚无研究将OPW的理化性质和气候变量与蒸发池的最佳尺寸特别相关。因此，本研究提出了一种多目标随​​机优化框架，作为首次尝试，考虑了气候变量和OPW物理化学参数对OPW蒸发率（OPWE）的同时影响，确定了蒸发池的最佳尺寸。从位于阿拉伯半岛东南部的油田收集为期一年的每日实验数据。使用尺寸分析推导了一个模型，以将OPWE估算为OPW物理化学性质，清水蒸发量和气候变量的函数。研究了五十种随机蒸发情景，其中包括与气候和OPW参数相关的不确定性。利用风险条件价值来减少蒸发池中OPW溢出的风险。开发了多目标NSGA-II模型，以同时最大化OPWE的平均体积，最小化蒸发池的尺寸以及OPW溢出的风险。结果表明，通过涉及影响OPWE的关键参数，导出的OPWE模型在OPWE估计中表现出色。此外，发现发达的框架使OPWE的数量增加了20％。