The medicinal plant Artemisia annua L. is well known for its antimalarial compound artemisinin and the antioxidant capacity of its active ingredients. However, low bioavailability of Artemisia annua L. limits its therapeutic potential, fermentation of Artemisia annua L. can improve its bioavailability. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of enzymatically-treated Artemisia annua L. (EA) on reproductive performance, antioxidant status, milk composition of heat-stressed sows and intestinal barrier integrity of their preweaning offspring. 135 multiparous sows of average parity 4.65 (Landrace × large white) at day 85 of pregnancy were randomly distributed into 3 treatments. Sows in the control group were housed at control rooms (temperature: 27.12 ± 0.18 °C, temperature-humidity index (THI): 70.90 ± 0.80) and fed the basal diet. Sows in the HS, HS + EA groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0 or 1.0 g/kg EA respectively, and reared at heat stress rooms (temperature: 30.11 ± 0.16 °C, THI: 72.70 ± 0.60). Heat stress increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reduced the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) of sows and piglets, and seriously compromised the antioxidant capacity of the sows and the intestinal integrity of their offspring. However, dietary supplementation of 1.0 g/kg EA reduced the MDA content, increased the activities of T-SOD and T-AOC in serum, colostrum, and milk of heat-stressed sows, and increased colostrum yield and 14-d milk fat content. EA supplementation also increased piglet weaning weight and the activities of T-SOD and T-AOC in serum. In addition, the abundances of intestinal tight junction proteins claudin-1 and occludin were up-regulated in piglets in EA-supplemented group. In conclusion, dietary EA supplementation at 1.0 g/kg can alleviate the oxidative stress in heat-stressed sows, improve the antioxidant capacity in both sows and their offspring, and promote the intestinal barrier integrity in their offspring. EA may be a potent dietary supplement that ameliorates oxidative stress in livestock production by improving the antioxidant capacity.

中文翻译：

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日粮酶处理青蒿素可减轻氧化损伤并改善高温环境下饲养的母猪的繁殖性能

药用植物青蒿以其抗疟化合物青蒿素及其活性成分的抗氧化能力而闻名。然而，青蒿的低生物利用度限制了其治疗潜力，青蒿发酵可以提高其生物利用度。本研究旨在研究日粮中添加酶处理的青蒿 (EA) 对热应激母猪的繁殖性能、抗氧化状态、牛奶成分和断奶前后代肠道屏障完整性的影响。135 头妊娠第 85 天平均胎次为 4.65（长白 × 大白）的经产母猪随机分配到 3 个处理组。对照组母猪饲养在控制室（温度：27.12±0.18℃，温湿指数（THI）：70.90±0。80) 并喂食基础日粮。HS、HS + EA 组的母猪分别饲喂添加 0 或 1.0 g/kg EA 的基础日粮，并在热应激室饲养（温度：30.11 ± 0.16 °C，THI：72.70 ± 0.60）。热应激增加了母猪和仔猪的丙二醛（MDA）含量，降低了母猪和仔猪的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）和总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）的活性，严重损害了母猪的抗氧化能力和肠道完整性。他们的后代。然而，日粮添加 1.0 g/kg EA 降低了 MDA 含量，增加了热应激母猪血清、初乳和牛奶中 T-SOD 和 T-AOC 的活性，并增加了初乳产量和 14 天乳脂含量. EA 补充还增加了仔猪断奶体重和血清中 T-SOD 和 T-AOC 的活性。此外，EA补充组仔猪肠道紧密连接蛋白claudin-1和occludin的丰度上调。总之，日粮中添加1.0 g/kg的EA可以减轻热应激母猪的氧化应激，提高母猪及其后代的抗氧化能力，并促进其后代肠道屏障的完整性。EA 可能是一种有效的膳食补充剂，可通过提高抗氧化能力来改善牲畜生产中的氧化应激。并促进其后代的肠道屏障完整性。EA 可能是一种有效的膳食补充剂，可通过提高抗氧化能力来改善牲畜生产中的氧化应激。并促进其后代的肠道屏障完整性。EA 可能是一种有效的膳食补充剂，可通过提高抗氧化能力来改善牲畜生产中的氧化应激。