Fabrication of renewable materials through additive manufacturing using wood-filled polylactic acid (PLA) is an emerging field of study. The variability in the tensile properties of 3D-printed materials due to the variability in woody biomass properties has not been studied. Biomass size reduction, filament extrusion, and 3D-printing methods were investigated to determine the conditions that resulted in consistent printing. Using 20% ball-milled poplar reinforcement in PLA, 210 °C filament extrusion temperature and 230 °C printing temperature were found to be the best conditions. Subsequently, seventy poplar samples from a common garden were used to test the tensile properties of the printed materials. The median tensile strength at yield was 50 MPa, with 5–95 percentiles ranged in 37–54 MPa. Strain% at break had a median value of 2.1%, and 5–95 percentiles were 1.7–2.7%. The median Young's modulus was 3.65 GPa, and 5–95 percentiles ranged in 2.9–4.1 GPa. Biomass density was correlated to composite density. Median particle size of ball-milled poplar was negatively correlated with tensile strength. Composite density affected tensile strength of the composite. β-glycosidic bond of polysaccharides in biomass affected Young's modulus of the composite. These data show that genotypic variation among Populus trichocarpa have substantial effect on tensile properties of 3D printed PLA-poplar materials.

使用木材填充的聚乳酸（PLA）通过增材制造来制造可再生材料是一个新兴的研究领域。尚未研究3D打印材料的拉伸特性因木质生物质特性的变化而发生的变化。研究了生物量尺寸减小，长丝挤出和3D打印方法，以确定导致一致打印的条件。在PLA中使用20％球磨杨树增强材料，发现210°C的长丝挤出温度和230°C的印刷温度是最佳条件。随后，从一个公共花园中收集了70个杨树样品，以测试印刷材料的拉伸性能。屈服时的平均拉伸强度为50 MPa，5-95个百分位数为37-54 MPa。断裂应变％的中值为2.1％，5–95个百分点为1.7–2.7％。中值杨氏模量为3.65 GPa，5-95个百分位数为2.9-4.1 GPa。生物质密度与复合材料密度相关。球磨杨树的中值粒径与抗张强度负相关。复合材料密度影响复合材料的拉伸强度。生物质中多糖的β-糖苷键影响复合材料的杨氏模量。这些数据表明，毛果杨之间的基因型变异对3D打印的PLA杨材料的拉伸性能具有实质性影响。