In this paper, the ability to 3D print lithium-ion batteries through thermoplastic material extrusion and polymer powder bed fusion is considered. Focused on the formulation of positive electrodes composed of polypropylene, LiFePO₄ as active material, and conductive additives, advantages and drawbacks of both additive manufacturing technologies, are thoroughly discussed from the electrochemical, electrical, morphological and mechanical perspectives. Based on these preliminary results, strategies to further optimize the electrochemical performances are proposed. Through a comprehensive modeling study, the enhanced electrochemical suitability at high current densities of various complex three-dimensional lithium-ion battery architectures, in comparison with classical two-dimensional planar design, is highlighted. Finally, the direct printing capability of the complete lithium-ion battery by means of multi-materials printing options processes is examined.

在本文中，考虑了通过热塑性材料挤压和聚合物粉末床熔合来3D打印锂离子电池的能力。专注于由聚丙烯，LiFePO ₄组成的正极的配方作为活性材料和导电添加剂，两种增材制造技术的优缺点都从电化学，电学，形态学和机械学的角度进行了全面讨论。基于这些初步结果，提出了进一步优化电化学性能的策略。通过全面的建模研究，与经典的二维平面设计相比，各种复杂的三维锂离子电池架构在高电流密度下的电化学适应性得到了增强。最后，研究了通过多种材料的印刷选择工艺对整个锂离子电池的直接印刷能力。