Abstract

Phenols are one of the most common toxic environmental pollutants in the world. The aim of this study is to explore the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of phenols by using the Vicia faba bioassay. Moreover, the removal effects and the potential toxicological significance of phenols in semi-coking wastewater under combined treatment process were evaluated. The semi-coking wastewater treatment processes include extraction column, blowding ammonia tower, anaerobic tank, aerobic reactor, coagulator settler and adsorption column. The results showed that the genotoxic evaluation of phenolic pollutants in wastewater was performed using the Vicia faba bioassay, the concentration of phenols should lie in the range of 1–20 mg/L. The frequency of micronuclei (MCN) and the pycnosis in the root cells increased significantly, but the mitotic index decreased in a concentration-dependent manner after exposure to phenol for 12 h, which indicated that the exposure to phenol could induce oxidative stress in plant cells. In addition, fourteen kinds of phenols were detected in the semi-coking wastewater and the total concentration was 3350 mg/L, which decreased to 63.4 mg/L in the effluent of aerobic treatment unit. The total removal rate of phenols reached the value of 98%. After the coagulation and adsorption, the phenolic contaminants were almost undetectable in the effluent. The results from the genotoxicity evaluation showed that the wastewater from coagulating sedimentation unit had significant mutagenic properties. However, the MCN frequency, induced by the wastewater from the adsorption unit, did not differ much from the negative control, indicating that the adsorption treatment was required for the safety of effluent. The MCN assays of Vicia faba root are simple, efficient and reproducible methods for monitoring the genotoxicity of water contaminated with phenols. The physicochemical-biochemical combined process, as proposed in this study, was found to be suitable and efficient for treating the semi-coking wastewater. The results can provide reference for the treatment of wastewater containing high concentration phenolic substances.

中文翻译：

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半焦化废水处理阶段苯酚的去除效果及遗传毒性评价研究

摘要

苯酚是世界上最常见的有毒环境污染物之一。这项研究的目的是利用蚕豆蚕豆生物测定法探索酚类的遗传毒性和细胞毒性。此外，还评估了联合处理过程中半焦化废水中苯酚的去除效果和潜在的毒理学意义。半焦化废水的处理过程包括萃取塔，鼓吹氨塔，厌氧池，好氧反应器，混凝器沉降器和吸附塔。结果表明，使用蚕豆进行了废水中酚类污染物的遗传毒性评价。生物测定中，酚的浓度应在1-20 mg / L的范围内。苯酚暴露12h后根细胞的微核（MCN）频率和脓毒症明显增多，但有丝分裂指数呈浓度依赖性降低，表明苯酚暴露可诱导植物细胞氧化胁迫。 。此外，在半焦化废水中检测到14种苯酚，总浓度为3350 mg / L，在好氧处理装置的废水中降至63.4 mg / L。苯酚的总去除率达到98％。凝结和吸附后，在废水中几乎检测不到酚类污染物。遗传毒性评估结果表明，凝结沉淀装置产生的废水具有明显的诱变特性。但是，由吸附单元产生的废水引起的MCN频率与阴性对照相差不大，表明为了确保废水的安全性需要进行吸附处理。的MCN分析蚕豆根是监测苯酚污染的水的遗传毒性的简单，有效和可重复的方法。本研究提出了物理化学-生物化学联合工艺，适用于处理半焦化废水。该结果可为处理含高浓度酚类物质的废水提供参考。