Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an alpha-synucleinopathy that leads to prominent motor symptoms including tremor, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Nonmotor symptoms including autonomic, neurocognitive, psychiatric symptoms, and sleep disturbances are also seen frequently in PD. The impact of PD on sleep is related to motor and nonmotor symptoms, in addition to the disruption of the pathways regulating sleep by central nervous system pathology. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder is a parasomnia that can lead to self-injury and/or injury to partners at night. Restless legs syndrome is a subjective sensation of discomfort and urge to move the legs prior to falling asleep and can lead to insomnia and reduced sleep quality. Excessive daytime sleepiness is common in PD and exerts a negative impact on quality of life in addition to increasing the risk of falls. Obstructive sleep apnea is a breathing disorder during sleep that can cause frequent awakenings and excessive daytime sleepiness. Circadian rhythm dysfunction can lead to an advanced or delayed onset of sleep in patients and create disruption of normal sleep and wake times. All of these disorders are common in PD and can significantly reduce sleep quantity, sleep quality, or quality of life for patients and caretakers. Treatment approaches for each of these disorders are distinct and should be individualized to the patient. We review the literature regarding these common sleep issues encountered in PD and their treatment options.

帕金森病 (PD) 是一种 α-突触核蛋白病，可导致显着的运动症状，包括震颤、运动迟缓和姿势不稳定。 PD 中也常见非运动症状，包括自主神经、神经认知、精神症状和睡眠障碍。 PD 对睡眠的影响除了中枢神经系统病理学对睡眠调节途径的破坏外，还与运动和非运动症状有关。快速动眼睡眠行为障碍是一种异态睡眠，可能导致夜间自残和/或伴侣受伤。不宁腿综合症是一种主观的不适感和入睡前移动腿部的冲动，可能导致失眠和睡眠质量下降。白天过度嗜睡在帕金森病中很常见，除了增加跌倒的风险外，还会对生活质量产生负面影响。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是一种睡眠期间的呼吸障碍，可导致频繁醒来和白天过度嗜睡。昼夜节律功能障碍可能导致患者提前或延迟入睡，并扰乱正常的睡眠和醒来时间。所有这些疾病在帕金森病中都很常见，并且会显着降低患者和护理人员的睡眠量、睡眠质量或生活质量。这些疾病的治疗方法各有不同，应针对患者进行个体化治疗。我们回顾了有关帕金森病中常见睡眠问题及其治疗方案的文献。