Spain is the EU member country with the third highest total number of accidents in work and has the third highest incidence rate. We have performed a descriptive analysis of occupational accidents in the Community of Madrid (Spain) between 2005 and 2013 to study the impact of air quality on the prevalence of occupational accidents, clarifying how vulnerable to air pollution outdoor workers are. In order to evaluate the association between each air pollutant and work accidents, a quasi-Poisson generalized additive model was fitted. The accident rate followed a downward and statistically significant trend (p = 0.001). The year with the highest accident rate was 2006, with 4981 occupational accidents per 100,000. Occupational accidents follow a temporary pattern (there are differences in the number of accidents according to the month of the year and to the day of the week). Exposure to PM10 and NO2 increases the risk of having an accident at work, especially for outdoor workers. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in daily concentration resulted in increases in accidents for outdoor workers of 2.5% for PM10 and 6.4% for NO2.

中文翻译：

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西班牙马德里社区的空气污染和职业事故

西班牙是欧盟成员国，工伤事故总数排名第三，发生率排名第三。我们对 2005 年至 2013 年马德里社区（西班牙）的职业事故进行了描述性分析，以研究空气质量对职业事故发生率的影响，阐明户外工人对空气污染的脆弱性。为了评估每种空气污染物与工作事故之间的关联，拟合了拟泊松广义可加模型。事故率呈下降趋势且具有统计学意义（p = 0.001）。事故率最高的年份是2006年，每10万人发生4981起职业事故。职业事故遵循暂时的模式（根据一年中的月份和一周中的某天，事故数量存在差异）。接触 PM10 和 NO2 会增加工作中发生事故的风险，尤其是对于户外工作者而言。每日浓度增加 10 μg/m3 导致室外工人的事故增加 2.5% 的 PM10 和 6.4% 的 NO2。