Coffee-agroforestry includes biodiversity conservation in tropical regions. The least economically valuable yet widely cultivated “robusta” coffee was studied in Panama, considering management practices and tree diversity. Fifty households were interviewed and a detailed tree census was conducted in 29 coffee plots owned by 13 households. Besides C. canephora there were 638 stems of 90 species in 41 plant families. Coffee plantings ≤ 10 years of age had higher tree diversity. With different degrees of management and original forest conditions, the coffee-agroforestry landscape was not uniform. Local vegetation was partly conserved. Farmers did not focus directly on productivity but instead emphasized flexible use and management, with moderate labor input, under changing socio-economic circumstances. Such rustic management, with attitudes and actions not governed by immediate monetary benefit, influenced biodiversity and rural life.

中文翻译：

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农民对巴拿马咖啡农林业Coffea canephora乡村地块遮荫树多样性的影响

咖啡农林业包括热带地区的生物多样性保护。考虑到管理实践和树木多样性，在巴拿马研究了经济价值最低但广泛种植的“罗布斯塔”咖啡。对 50 户家庭进行了采访，并对 13 户家庭拥有的 29 个咖啡园进行了详细的树木普查。除C. canephora外，还有41科90种638株。≤ 10 年树龄的咖啡种植具有较高的树木多样性。由于经营管理程度和原始森林条件不同，咖啡农林景观并不统一。当地植被得到部分保护。农民并没有直接关注生产力，而是强调在不断变化的社会经济环境下灵活使用和管理，适度投入劳动力。这样的乡村管理，