Background Prostatic male genital schistosomiasis and prostate cancer co-existence cases are uncommon however, some studies have indicated that schistosomiasis may trigger development of prostate cancer regardless of age. Schistosomiasis is a public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and may account for some undocumented cases of schistosomiasis prostatic cancer in schistosome endemic rural communities. It is against this background that we investigated the association between schistosomiasis and risk of prostate cancer development in residents of Murehwa Community, a schistosomiasis endemic area. Methodology We conducted a cross sectional study involving 366 men residing in Murehwa District, Zimbabwe. Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni infection was diagnosed using urine filtration and Kato Katz techniques, respectively. Haematuria was detected using urinalysis reagent strip test. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain history of schistosomiasis infection among study participants. Risk of prostate cancer development was assessed by measuring prostate-specific antigen levels in serum using the ELISA. Results Prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni infection was 12.3% and 1.4%, respectively. Individuals with schistosomiasis had higher prostate-specific antigen levels (mean 1.208 ± SD 1.557 ng/mL) compared to those without schistosomiasis (mean 0.7721 ± SD 1.173 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Older individuals > 50 years had higher prostate specific antigen levels (mean 0.7212 ± SD 1.313 ng/mL) compared to individuals < 50 years old (mean 0.4159 ± SD 0.8622 ng/mL; p < 0.05). Prostate-specific antigen levels log 10 (mean 0.2584 ± SD 0.2128 ng/mL) and were associated to S. haematobium infection intensity log 10 (mean 1.121 ± SD 0.5371 eggs/10 mL), r(s) = − 0.3225, p < 0.05. There was a correlation between prostate-specific antigen levels log 10 (mean 0.2246 ± SD 0.1858 ng/mL) and S. haematobium infection intensity log 10 (mean 1.169 ± SD 0.5568 eggs/10 mL) among participants with a history of schistosomiasis infection (r(s) = − 0.3520; p < 0.05). There was no correlation between prostate-specific antigen levels of > 4 ng/mL (mean 5.324 ± SD1.568 ng/mL) and schistosome eggs log 10 (mean 1.057 ± SD 0.6730 eggs/10 mL; p > 0.05). Conclusion Urogenital schistosome infections and history of schistosome infections were associated with prostate specific antigen levels, an indicator for risk of prostate cancer. Therefore, S. haematobium schistosome egg burden was associated with the risk of prostate cancer development in adult males residing in Murehwa District, Zimbabwe.

中文翻译：

---

津巴布韦 Murehwa 农村社区居民血吸虫病与前列腺癌发展风险的关联

背景前列腺男性生殖器血吸虫病和前列腺癌共存病例并不常见，然而，一些研究表明，无论年龄大小，血吸虫病都可能引发前列腺癌的发展。血吸虫病是撒哈拉以南非洲的一个公共卫生问题，可能是血吸虫病流行农村社区中一些未记录的血吸虫病前列腺癌病例的原因。正是在这种背景下，我们调查了血吸虫病流行区 Murehwa 社区居民血吸虫病与前列腺癌发展风险之间的关系。方法 我们进行了一项横断面研究，涉及居住在津巴布韦 Murehwa 区的 366 名男性。分别使用尿液过滤和 Kato Katz 技术诊断血吸虫和曼氏血吸虫感染。使用尿液分析试剂条测试检测血尿。使用结构化问卷获取研究参与者的血吸虫病感染史。通过使用 ELISA 测量血清中的前列腺特异性抗原水平来评估前列腺癌发展的风险。结果 S. haematobium 和 S. mansoni 感染率分别为 12.3% 和 1.4%。与没有血吸虫病的人相比（平均 0.7721 ± SD 1.173 ng/mL；p < 0.05），血吸虫病患者的前列腺特异性抗原水平更高（平均 1.208 ± SD 1.557 ng/mL）。与 < 50 岁的个体（平均 0.4159 ± SD 0.8622 ng/mL；p < 0.05）相比，> 50 岁的老年人具有更高的前列腺特异性抗原水平（平均 0.7212 ± SD 1.313 ng/mL）。前列腺特异性抗原水平 log 10 (平均 0.2584 ± SD 0. 2128 ng/mL）并与 S. haematobium 感染强度 log 10 相关（平均 1.121 ± SD 0.5371 个鸡蛋/10 mL），r(s) = - 0.3225，p < 0.05。在有血吸虫病感染史的参与者中，前列腺特异性抗原水平 log 10（平均 0.2246 ± SD 0.1858 ng/mL）和血吸虫感染强度 log 10（平均 1.169 ± SD 0.5568 个卵子/10 mL）之间存在相关性（ r(s) = − 0.3520；p < 0.05)。> 4 ng/mL（平均 5.324 ± SD1.568 ng/mL）的前列腺特异性抗原水平与血吸虫卵 log 10（平均 1.057 ± SD 0.6730 个卵/10 mL；p > 0.05）之间没有相关性。结论 泌尿生殖系统血吸虫感染和血吸虫感染史与前列腺特异性抗原水平相关，前列腺特异性抗原水平是前列腺癌风险的指标。因此，S。