Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography Quadrupole-Orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS) was used to compare the composition of ginsenosides in white ginseng (WG) and extruded white ginseng (EWG). A total of 45 saponins, including original neutral ginsenosides, malonyl-ginsenosides, and chemical transformation of ginsenosides, were successfully identified in both WG and EWG. Multivariate statistical analyses including supervised orthogonal partial least squared discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA) and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) were used to analyze components of white ginseng before and after extrusion. As a result, three ginsenosides (malonyl (M)-Rb1, M-Rb2, and M-Rc) were found to be increased in WG, while three ginsenosides (Rb2, Rc, and Rg1) were elevated in EWG. In the OPLS-DA S-plot, the different compositions of ginsenoside that were distinguished between WG and EWG were screened out. Experimental results indicate that the UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS is a useful tool to characterize variations of ginsenosides in WG and EWG.

中文翻译：

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UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS / MS和多元统计分析法对白参进行挤压前后的化学比较

使用超高效液相色谱四极杆-Orbitrap串联质谱（UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS / MS）来比较白参（WG）和挤出白参（EWG）中人参皂甙的成分。WG和EWG均成功鉴定出45种皂苷，包括原始的中性人参皂苷，丙二酰人参皂苷和人参皂苷的化学转化。多变量统计分析包括监督正交偏最小二乘鉴别分析（OPLS-DA）和层次聚类分析（HCA），用于分析白参在挤出前后的成分。结果，发现3种人参皂苷（丙二酰（M）-Rb1，M-Rb2和M-Rc）在WG中升高，而3种人参皂苷（Rb2，Rc和Rg1）在EWG中升高。在OPLS-DA S图中，筛选出WG和EWG之间有区别的人参皂苷成分。实验结果表明，UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS / MS是表征WG和EWG中人参皂苷变异的有用工具。