Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a current global public health emergency. However, current research on the blood test results of pregnant women with COVID-19 is insufficient.

Methods: A case-control study was carried out based on clinical blood test results. Pregnant COVID-19 patients, pregnant COVID-19 patients with diabetes, and pregnant COVID-19 patients with hypertension, were assessed in this study. Also, 120 controls were matched by age, parity, fetus number, and presence of chronic disease. T-tests, Chi-square tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to compare data from the blood tests and liver function indices among the selected groups.

Results: Between January 24 and March 14, 2020, 60 pregnant COVID-19 patients delivered at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province. The average maternal age of pregnant COVID-19 patients was 30.97 years and the mean gestational period was 37.87 weeks. 71.67% (43/60) of pregnant COVID-19 patients gave birth by cesarean delivery. In total, 21.67% (13/60) were diagnosed with diabetes and 18.33% (11/60) were diagnosed with hypertension during pregnancy. Compared to controls, pregnant COVID-19 patients showed significantly lower numbers of blood lymphocytes and higher numbers of neutrophils, as well as higher levels of C-reactive protein and total bilirubin. Among the three groups, pregnant COVID-19 patients with diabetes had significantly higher levels of neutrophils and lower levels of total protein. Aspartate transaminase levels were higher in pregnant COVID-19 patients with hypertension than in pregnant COVID-19 patients with no comorbidities and controls with hypertension.

Interpretations: Blood and liver function indices indicate that chronic complications, including hypertension and diabetes, could increase the risk of inflammation and liver injury in pregnant COVID-19 patients.

背景：冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是当前的全球公共卫生紧急事件。然而，目前对感染COVID-19的孕妇的血液检测结果的研究还不够。

方法：根据临床血液检测结果进行病例对照研究。本研究对怀孕的 COVID-19 患者、怀孕的患有糖尿病的 COVID-19 患者和怀孕的患有高血压的 COVID-19 患者进行了评估。此外，还对 120 名对照者进行了年龄、产次、胎儿数量和是否患有慢性疾病的匹配。使用 T 检验、卡方检验、Wilcoxon 符号秩检验和 Kruskal-Wallis 检验来比较所选组之间的血液检查和肝功能指数数据。

结果：2020年1月24日至3月14日期间，湖北省妇幼保健院共分娩了60名怀孕的COVID-19患者。怀孕的COVID-19患者的平均孕产妇年龄为30.97岁，平均孕期为37.87周。 71.67% (43/60) 的 COVID-19 孕妇通过剖腹产分娩。总共有21.67%（13/60）在怀孕期间被诊断出患有糖尿病，18.33%（11/60）在怀孕期间被诊断出患有高血压。与对照组相比，怀孕的 COVID-19 患者的血液淋巴细胞数量明显减少，中性粒细胞数量明显增加，C 反应蛋白和总胆红素水平较高。在三组中，患有糖尿病的妊娠 COVID-19 患者的中性粒细胞水平显着较高，总蛋白水平较低。患有高血压的妊娠期 COVID-19 患者的天冬氨酸转氨酶水平高于无合并症的妊娠期 COVID-19 患者和高血压对照者。

解释：血液和肝功能指数表明，包括高血压和糖尿病在内的慢性并发症可能会增加怀孕的 COVID-19 患者发生炎症和肝损伤的风险。