To shift from a petroleum-dependent society to a sustainable society using eco-friendly materials, polysaccharides from natural products are important candidates as alternative materials. We have researched one cyanobacterial polysaccharide, “sacran”, which is extracted from Aphanothece sacrum . In this review, the unique characteristics and structures of sacran and the preparation of liquid crystal gels are introduced: polymer properties such as megamolecular weight, that is, a weight > 10 7 g/mol; characteristic viscosity; liquid crystallinity (LC); fiber structures on the nanometer/micrometer scale; gel formation with heavy metal ions; photoshrinking in gels composed of metal ions; anisotropically swelling gels; orientation upon drying of the air-LC interface; meniscus splitting; and membrane formation with uniaxial orientation, which are the results of self-organization. These matters are discussed particularly from the perspectives of polymer science, colloidal science, gel science, etc. We expect that sacran will be applicable in a variety of fields, such as tissue engineering, pharmacodynamics, and biomedical materials, with possible contributions to the development of a sustainable material society. To shift from a petroleum-dependent society to a sustainable society using eco-friendly materials, polysaccharides from natural products are important candidates as alternative materials. We have researched one of the cyanobacterial polysaccharides, “sacran,” which is extracted from Aphanothece sacrum . In this review, the unique characteristics, structures, and preparation of sacran LC gels are introduced. These matters are discussed especially from the perspectives of polymer science, colloidal science, gel science, etc. We hope that sacran will be used in a variety of fields, such as tissue engineering, pharmacodynamics, and biomedical materials, with possible contributions to the development of a sustainable material society.

中文翻译：

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蓝藻多糖骶骨：LC凝胶的特性、结构和制备

为了从依赖石油的社会转向使用环保材料的可持续社会，来自天然产物的多糖是重要的替代材料。我们研究了一种蓝藻多糖“sacran”，它是从 Aphanothece sacrum 中提取的。这篇综述介绍了骶骨的独特特性和结构以及液晶凝胶的制备：高分子性质，如兆分子量，即重量> 10 7 g/mol；特性粘度；液晶度（LC）；纳米/微米尺度的纤维结构；与重金属离子形成凝胶；在由金属离子组成的凝胶中发生光收缩；各向异性溶胀凝胶；空气-LC 界面干燥后的取向；弯液面分裂；和单轴取向的成膜，这是自组织的结果。这些问题特别从高分子科学、胶体科学、凝胶科学等角度进行了讨论。我们预计sacran将应用于组织工程、药效学和生物医学材料等多个领域，对发展做出可能的贡献可持续的物质社会。为了从依赖石油的社会转向使用环保材料的可持续社会，来自天然产物的多糖是重要的替代材料。我们研究了一种蓝藻多糖“sacran”，它是从 Aphanothece sacrum 中提取的。在这篇综述中，介绍了 sacran LC 凝胶的独特特性、结构和制备。