Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of glutamine (Gln) on diabetic nephropathy and other complications in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Streptozotocin/nicotinamide induced diabetic rats were enrolled as an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Animals were divided into control, diabetic, and Gln (1000 mg/l in drinking water, eight weeks) treated diabetic groups. Gln alleviated renal inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers (tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin 6, glutathione peroxidase, total superoxide dismutase, and glutathione), decreased serum uric acid and creatinine, and restored renal histopathological changes (glomerular volume, sclerosis, and leukocyte infiltration). Additionally, Gln ameliorated other complications, including systemic oxidative stress (serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, serum and liver glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and total superoxide dismutase, and liver catalase), insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and hyperlipidaemia. Collectively, Gln attenuates diabetic nephropathy and other complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

摘要

本研究旨在评估谷氨酰胺 (Gln) 对 2 型糖尿病大鼠模型的糖尿病肾病和其他并发症的影响。将链脲佐菌素/烟酰胺诱导的糖尿病大鼠作为2型糖尿病动物模型。动物分为对照组、糖尿病组和 Gln（1000 mg/l 饮用水，8 周）治疗糖尿病组。Gln 减轻肾脏炎症和氧化应激生物标志物（肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素 6、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽），降低血清尿酸和肌酐，并恢复肾脏组织病理学变化（肾小球体积、硬化和白细胞浸润） ). 此外，Gln 改善了其他并发症，包括全身氧化应激（血清丙二醛和一氧化氮，血清和肝脏谷胱甘肽、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、总超氧化物歧化酶和肝脏过氧化氢酶）、胰岛素抵抗、高血糖和高脂血症。总的来说，Gln 通过其抗氧化和抗炎活性减轻大鼠 2 型糖尿病的糖尿病肾病和其他并发症。