ABSTRACT

Background: Due to the increasing emergence of multi-resistant bacteria the search for alternative antimicrobial substances is of high interest. Promising agents are antimicrobial peptides which are host defense molecules of the innate immune system in a wide range of different species.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the activity of nisin, melittin, lactoferrin, parasin-1 and LL-37 against 35 oral bacteria and Candida albicans employing the gold standard method for anaerobic susceptibility testing.

Methods: The activity of the peptides was determined by an agar dilution method under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. The test media contained final peptide concentrations between 0.125 µg/ml and 8 µg/ml (melittin, lactoferrin, parasin-1, LL-37) and between 0.125 µg/ml and 128 µg/ml (nisin).

Results: Nisin completely inhibited the growth of Megasphaera sp., Bifidobacterium longum, Parvimonas micra, Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Actinomyces odontolyticus, Prevotella intermedia, Streptococcus anginosus, Streptococcus constellatus and Staphylococcus aureus. Melittin and lactoferrin reduced the growth of Megasphaera sp., P. micra, B. longum (melittin) and Selenomonas flueggei (lactoferrin). Parasin-1 and LL-37 showed no activity.

Conclusion: AMPs, especially nisin and to a smaller degree lactoferrin, might be promising alternatives to antibiotics because of their antimicrobial activity, high resistance to environmental conditions and partially low costs.

 抽象的

背景：由于多重耐药细菌的不断出现，寻找替代抗菌物质引起了人们的高度关注。有前景的药物是抗菌肽，它们是多种不同物种的先天免疫系统的宿主防御分子。

目的：本研究的目的是采用厌氧药敏试验的金标准方法，评估乳链菌肽、蜂毒肽、乳铁蛋白、parasin-1 和 LL-37 对 35 种口腔细菌和白色念珠菌的活性。

方法：在厌氧和需氧条件下通过琼脂稀释法测定肽的活性。测试介质的最终肽浓度为 0.125 µg/ml 至 8 µg/ml（蜂毒肽、乳铁蛋白、parasin-1、LL-37）和 0.125 µg/ml 至 128 µg/ml（乳链菌肽）。

结果：Nisin完全抑制巨球菌、长双歧杆菌、微小单胞菌、以色列放线菌、内氏放线菌、溶齿放线菌、中间普氏菌、咽峡炎链球菌、星座链球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。蜂毒肽和乳铁蛋白降低了Megasphaera sp.、 P. micra、B. longum （蜂毒肽）和Selenomonas Flueggei （乳铁蛋白）的生长。 Parasin-1 和 LL-37 没有表现出活性。

结论：AMP，尤其是乳链菌肽和较小程度的乳铁蛋白，由于其抗菌活性、对环境条件的高耐受性和部分低成本，可能成为抗生素的有前途的替代品。