Improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has great significance for agriculture sustainable development and reducing environmental pollution. The effects of Mg fertilizer combined with straw return on yield, N uptake, and NUE of spring maize (Zea mays L.) were investigated for two consecutive years. The treatments included JM3 (straw + magnesium fertilizer), JM0 (straw + no magnesium fertilizer), WM3 (no straw + magnesium fertilizer), and WM0 (no magnesium fertilizer + no straw). The application of Mg fertilizer significantly improved yield. The application of straw and Mg fertilizer together improved yield even more significantly; the grain yield of the JM3 treatment was 5.28% higher than that of the WM0 treatments. The highest total N uptake was obtained from the JM3. Nitrogen remobilization from vegetation organs to grain was highest in the JM3 treatment. The agronomic efficiency of fertilizer nitrogen (AEN), recovery of applied fertilizer nitrogen (REN), partial factor productivity of fertilizer nitrogen (PFPN), and nitrogen harvest index (NHI) responded significantly to straw return and Mg fertilizer. The AEN, REN, PFPN, and NHI values for the JM3 treatment were 15.35, 24.63, 5.28, and 2.31% higher on average, respectively, than those for the WM0 treatments. Generally, these outcomes indicated that there was an interaction between Mg fertilizer and maize straw. The application of Mg fertilizer with straw return significantly improved the grain yield, N uptake, and NUE of maize plants. The combination of straw return and Mg application is a practical method for increasing maize production and supporting sustainable agriculture.

中文翻译：

---

镁肥联合秸秆还田对氮素利用效率的影响

提高氮素利用效率（NUE）对农业可持续发展和减少环境污染具有重要意义。镁肥与产量稻草回报，N摄取和弹簧玉米NUE组合的效果（玉蜀黍L.）进行了连续两年的调查。处理包括JM3（秸秆+镁肥），JM0（秸秆+不含镁肥），WM3（无秸秆+镁肥）和WM0（无镁肥料+秸秆）。镁肥的施用显着提高了产量。秸秆和镁肥一起施用可显着提高产量。JM3处理的籽粒产量比WM0处理高5.28％。从JM3获得最高的总氮吸收量。在JM3处理中，从植物器官到谷物的氮转运最高。肥料氮的农艺效率（AEN），施用肥料氮的回收（REN），肥料氮的分项生产率（PFPN），氮素收获指数（NHI）对秸秆还田和镁肥响应显着。与WM0处理相比，JM3处理的AEN，REN，PFPN和NHI值分别平均高出15.35、24.63、5.28和2.31％。通常，这些结果表明，镁肥和玉米秸秆之间存在相互作用。秸秆还田施用镁肥显着提高了玉米植株的籽粒产量，氮素吸收和氮素利用率。秸秆还田和施用镁相结合是增加玉米产量和支持可持续农业的实用方法。这些结果表明，镁肥和玉米秸秆之间存在相互作用。秸秆还田施用镁肥显着提高了玉米植株的籽粒产量，氮素吸收和氮素利用率。秸秆还田和施用镁相结合是增加玉米产量和支持可持续农业的实用方法。这些结果表明，镁肥和玉米秸秆之间存在相互作用。秸秆还田施用镁肥显着提高了玉米植株的籽粒产量，氮素吸收和氮素利用率。秸秆还田和施用镁相结合是增加玉米产量和支持可持续农业的实用方法。