Identifying the spatial distribution and magnitude of seepage flux across the groundwater‐surface water (GW‐SW) interface is critical for assessing potential impairments and restoration alternatives for water bodies adjacent to sites with groundwater contamination. Measurement of the vertical distribution and time‐varying characteristics of temperature in sediments provides an indirect way to map out spatial and temporal patterns of seepage flux into surface water. Two spreadsheet‐based calculation tools are introduced that implement four one‐dimensional analytical solutions to calculate the magnitude and direction of seepage flux based on measurement of steady‐state vertical temperature profiles or transient diel temperature signals at two depths within sediment. Performance of these calculation tools is demonstrated for a pond receiving contaminated groundwater discharge from an adjacent landfill. Transient versus steady‐state model performance is compared, and limitations of transient models are illustrated for a situation with unfavorable sediment characteristics and inadequate sensor spacing. The availability of a range of analytical solutions implemented within Microsoft Excel® is intended to encourage practitioners to explore use of this seepage flux characterization method and develop greater insight into best practices for model selection and use.

中文翻译：

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用于量化跨 GW-SW 接口的渗流通量的电子表格工具

确定地下水-地表水 (GW-SW) 界面渗流通量的空间分布和大小对于评估地下水污染地点附近水体的潜在损害和恢复替代方案至关重要。沉积物中温度的垂直分布和时变特征的测量为绘制进入地表水的渗流通量的空间和时间模式提供了一种间接的方法。介绍了两个基于电子表格的计算工具，它们实施了四个一维解析解，以根据沉积物中两个深度的稳态垂直温度剖面或瞬态温度信号的测量来计算渗流通量的大小和方向。这些计算工具的性能在一个接收来自相邻垃圾填埋场的受污染地下水排放的池塘中得到了证明。比较了瞬态与稳态模型的性能，并说明了在沉积物特征不利和传感器间距不足的情况下瞬态模型的局限性。在 Microsoft Excel® 中实施的一系列分析解决方案的可用性旨在鼓励从业者探索这种渗流通量表征方法的使用，并深入了解模型选择和使用的最佳实践。