It is now over 25 years since the term proteomics (analysis of the entire protein complement of a cell, tissue, or organism under a specific, defined set of conditions) was originally coined. Since then, the field has advanced rapidly and there are now more than 135,500 publications addressing the field. With current instrumentation it is possible to detect over 10,000 protein forms in a single experiment. The separation of proteins and peptides has been a key component of many of these studies for both sample concentration and enrichment and to reduce the complexity of the samples under analysis, allowing deeper mining of the individual proteomes. In this review, the roles of chromatography, electrophoresis, and other allied techniques in the advancement of the field will be investigated. Key technologies will be presented, and examples given of their application showing how the field has now advanced to a stage where it is enhancing our understanding of the human biology underlying health and disease, and clinical translation, supporting precision/personalized medicine, is now feasible. Clearly the separation sciences have played a key role in many of these advances.

中文翻译：

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分离科学，蛋白质组学的前端：历史观点

蛋白质组学（在特定的，确定的特定条件下分析细胞，组织或生物体的整个蛋白质补体）一词的最初提出已超过25年。从那时起，该领域迅速发展，现在有135,500多种出版物致力于该领域。使用当前的仪器，可以在一个实验中检测出10,000多种蛋白质形式。蛋白质和多肽的分离已成为许多此类研究的关键组成部分，无论是样品浓缩还是富集，都可以降低分析样品的复杂性，从而可以更深入地挖掘各个蛋白质组。在这篇综述中，将研究色谱，电泳和其他相关技术在该领域发展中的作用。将介绍关键技术，并给出了应用实例，显示了该领域如何发展到可以增进我们对健康和疾病基础的人类生物学理解的水平，并且支持精确/个性化医学的临床翻译现已可行。显然，分离科学在许多这些进步中发挥了关键作用。