Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of temperature on energy balance of Saanen and Anglo-Nubian goats, using indirect open circuit respirometry. Six non-lactating and non-pregnant Saanen goats (initial body weight [BW] of 53.7 ± 7.7 kg) and Anglo-Nubian goats (initial BW of 56.4 ± 8.0 kg) were randomly assigned to three groups. Each group was allocated in climatic rooms and randomly assigned to three different room temperatures (treatments) in three 28-d periods, including 20 days for adaptation and eight days for measurements. Treatments consisted of three controlled room temperatures: 10 °C ± 0.23 and 88.10% ± 0.99 relative humidity (RH), 20 °C ± 0.41 and 80.75% ± 4.13 RH, and 35 °C ± 1.05 and 45.58% ± 5.07 RH. Within each 8-day period, metabolism trial and gaseous exchange measurements were performed for five days (from day 21 to day 25). After day 25, goats were subjected to 60-h fasting, with subsequent gas exchange measurement to estimate fast heat production (FHP). Irrespective of breed, the dry matter intake (DMI) and the organic matter intake (OMI) decreased linearly as the temperature increased from 10 to 35 °C. Apparent digestibility of the nutrients showed the lowest values at 20 °C. Respiratory rate (RR) and respiratory volume increased with increasing ambient temperature. At 35 °C, methane production of Saanen goats was higher than Anglo-Nubian goats, and metabolizable energy (ME) and metabolizability (q) of Saanen goats were lower than Anglo-Nubian goats. The daily FHP above 20 °C decreased 8.7 kJ/kg0.75 BW for each degree as the temperature increased up to 35 °C, and below 20 °C decreased 5.4 kJ/kg0.75 BW as the temperature decreased up to 10 °C. Both breeds can maintain homeostasis in ambient temperature between 10 and 35 °C; however, Anglo-Nubian goats seem to cope better in adverse conditions of heat than Saanen goats.

中文翻译：

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萨能山羊和盎格鲁-努比亚山羊在不同温度下的能量消耗

摘要 本研究旨在使用间接开路呼吸测量法确定温度对萨能山羊和盎格鲁-努比亚山羊能量平衡的影响。六只非哺乳期和未怀孕的萨能山羊（初始体重 [BW] 为 53.7 ± 7.7 kg）和盎格鲁-努比亚山羊（初始体重为 56.4 ± 8.0 kg）被随机分配到三组。每组被分配到气候室，并在三个 28 天的时间段内随机分配到三个不同的室温（处理），包括 20 天的适应和 8 天的测量。处理包括三个受控室温：10 °C ± 0.23 和 88.10% ± 0.99 相对湿度 (RH)、20 °C ± 0.41 和 80.75% ± 4.13 RH，以及 35 °C ± 1.05 和 45.58% ± 5.07 RH 在每 8 天的时间内，代谢试验和气体交换测量进行了五天（从第 21 天到第 25 天）。第 25 天后，山羊禁食 60 小时，随后进行气体交换测量以估计快速产热 (FHP)。不考虑品种，干物质摄入量 (DMI) 和有机质摄入量 (OMI) 随着温度从 10 °C 升高到 35 °C 呈线性下降。营养物质的表观消化率在 20 °C 时显示出最低值。呼吸率 (RR) 和呼吸量随着环境温度的升高而增加。在35°C时，萨能山羊的甲烷产量高于盎格鲁-努比亚山羊，而萨能山羊的代谢能（ME）和代谢率（q）低于盎格鲁-努比亚山羊。随着温度升高至 35°C，20°C 以上的每日 FHP 每度降低 8.7 kJ/kg0.75 BW，当温度下降到 10 °C 时，低于 20 °C 会降低 5.4 kJ/kg0.75 BW。这两个品种都可以在 10 到 35 °C 的环境温度下保持体内平衡；然而，盎格鲁-努比亚山羊似乎比萨能山羊更能应对不利的高温条件。