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Efficacy of quarantine treatments using reduced methyl bromide concentrations to disinfest Pinus radiata logs from New Zealand
Journal of Stored Products Research ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jspr.2020.101718
Adriana J. Najar-Rodriguez , Matthew K.D. Hall , Anthony R. Adlam , Saeedeh Afsar , Kambiz Esfandi , Catherine Wilks , Emma Noakes , Graeme K. Clare , Anne Barrington , Don W. Brash , Kate Richards

Abstract We report here the results of three successive toxicity studies against a selection of forest insect pests, conducted in New Zealand to determine the efficacy of reduced methyl bromide (MB) rates, i.e. rates lower than those currently used, to disinfest export pine logs. First, the relative tolerance to MB among the naked life stages of the golden-haired bark beetle, Hylurgus ligniperda, the black pine bark beetle, Hylastes ater (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and burnt pine longhorn beetle, Arhopalus ferus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) was determined in the laboratory. Then, the most MB-tolerant species and life stage(s) in pine logs was subjected to selected fumigation schedules using reduced concentrations of MB. Finally, the results of the laboratory studies were validated under commercial conditions at the Port of Tauranga, New Zealand, using logs infested with the most tolerant life stage, and log stacks. Our results indicated that either 30 g/m3 MB at >15 °C or 40 g/m3 MB at ≤ 15 °C for 16 h would ensure quarantine security against forest insects in New Zealand export logs. These reduced MB concentrations are approximately 70% and 65%, respectively, lower than 80 g/m3 at >15 °C or 120 g/m3 at ≤15 °C. If implemented by regulatory agencies and accepted by trading partners, these concentrations will provide significant environmental and economic benefits to the New Zealand forest industry and will pave the way for other countries to implement similar approaches to reduce MB usage in accordance to the Montreal Protocol.

中文翻译:

使用降低的溴甲烷浓度对新西兰辐射松原木进行消毒的检疫处理效果

摘要 我们在此报告了针对选定的森林害虫进行的三项连续毒性研究的结果,这些研究在新西兰进行,以确定降低甲基溴 (MB) 比率(即低于目前使用的比率)对出口松木原木进行消毒的功效。首先,金毛树皮甲虫 Hylurgus ligniperda、黑松树皮甲虫 Hylastes ater (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) 和烧松长角甲虫 Arhopalus ferus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) 对 MB 的相对耐受性为在实验室确定。然后,使用降低浓度的 MB 对松木中最耐 MB 的物种和生命阶段进行选定的熏蒸计划。最后,实验室研究的结果在新西兰陶朗加港的商业条件下得到验证,使用最耐受生命阶段的日志和日志堆栈。我们的结果表明,30 g/m3 MB > 15 °C 或 40 g/m3 MB 在 ≤ 15 °C 下持续 16 小时将确保新西兰出口原木对森林昆虫的检疫安全。这些减少的 MB 浓度分别约为 70% 和 65%,在 >15 °C 时低于 80 g/m3 或在 ≤ 15 °C 时低于 120 g/m3。如果监管机构实施并被贸易伙伴接受,这些集中将为新西兰林业提供显着的环境和经济利益,并将为其他国家根据蒙特利尔议定书实施类似方法减少甲基溴的使用铺平道路。15 °C 或 40 g/m3 MB 在 ≤ 15 °C 下持续 16 小时将确保新西兰出口原木对森林昆虫的检疫安全。这些减少的 MB 浓度分别约为 70% 和 65%,在 >15 °C 时低于 80 g/m3 或在 ≤ 15 °C 时低于 120 g/m3。如果监管机构实施并被贸易伙伴接受,这些集中将为新西兰林业提供显着的环境和经济利益,并将为其他国家根据蒙特利尔议定书实施类似方法减少甲基溴的使用铺平道路。15 °C 或 40 g/m3 MB 在 ≤ 15 °C 下持续 16 小时将确保新西兰出口原木对森林昆虫的检疫安全。这些减少的 MB 浓度分别约为 70% 和 65%,在 >15 °C 时低于 80 g/m3 或在 ≤ 15 °C 时低于 120 g/m3。如果监管机构实施并被贸易伙伴接受,这些集中将为新西兰林业提供显着的环境和经济利益,并将为其他国家根据蒙特利尔议定书实施类似方法减少甲基溴的使用铺平道路。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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