Deinococcus radiodurans can survive under extreme conditions, including high doses of DNA damaging agents and ionizing radiation, desiccation, and oxidative stress. Both the efficient cellular DNA repair machinery and antioxidation systems contribute to the extreme resistance of this bacterium, making it an ideal organism for studying the cellular mechanisms of environmental adaptation. The number of stress-related proteins identified in this bacterium has mushroomed in the past two decades. The newly identified proteins reveal both commonalities and diversity of structure, mechanism, and function, which impact a wide range of cellular functions. Here, we review the unique and general structural features of these proteins and discuss how these studies improve our understanding of the environmental stress adaptation mechanisms of D. radiodurans.

放射球菌可以在极端条件下生存，包括高剂量的DNA破坏剂以及电离辐射，干燥和氧化应激。高效的细胞DNA修复机制和抗氧化系统都对这种细菌具有极强的抵抗力，使其成为研究环境适应性细胞机制的理想生物。在过去的二十年中，这种细菌中鉴定出的与压力相关的蛋白质数量迅速增加。新鉴定的蛋白质揭示了结构，机制和功能的共性和多样性，从而影响广泛的细胞功能。在这里，我们审查这些蛋白质的独特和一般结构特征，并讨论这些研究如何提高我们对D. radiodurans的环境压力适应机制的理解。。