BACKGROUND Deep brain stimulation (DBS) holds great promise in treating various brain diseases but its chronic therapeutic mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE To explore the immediate and chronic effects of DBS on brain oscillations, and understand how different sub-bands of oscillations contribute to symptom improvement in Parkinson's patients. METHODS We carried out a longitudinal study to examine the effects of DBS on local field potentials recorded by sensing-enabled neurostimulators in the subthalamic nuclei of Parkinson's patients, using a novel block-designed stimulation paradigm. RESULTS DBS significantly suppressed beta activity (13∼35Hz) but the suppression effect appeared to gradually attenuate during a 6 months follow-up period after surgery (p=0.002). While the responses to stimulation decreased from month 1 to month 6, the spontaneous beta activity was unchanged (p>0.266). Moreover, beta suppression did not show a habituation effect after repeated stimulation over several minutes (p>0.110), suggesting that the changes in beta suppression may reflect a slow reconfiguration of neural pathways instead of habituation. Suppression of beta was also associated with clinical symptom improvement. Importantly, symptom-relevant features fell within the high beta band at month 1 but shifted to the low beta band at month 6, indicating that the high beta and the low beta oscillations may play different functional roles and respond differently to stimulation over the long-term treatment. CONCLUSION These data may advance understanding of chronic DBS effects on beta oscillations and their association with clinical improvement, offering novel insights to the therapeutic mechanisms of DBS.

中文翻译：

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深部脑刺激对 Beta 节律的神经调节作用：纵向局部场电位研究

背景深部脑刺激（DBS）在治疗各种脑部疾病方面具有广阔的前景，但其慢性治疗机制尚不清楚。目的 探讨 DBS 对大脑振荡的直接和慢性影响，并了解不同的振荡子带如何促进帕金森患者的症状改善。方法我们进行了一项纵向研究，以使用一种新的块设计刺激范例来检查 DBS 对帕金森患者丘脑底核中具有传感功能的神经刺激器记录的局部场电位的影响。结果 DBS显着抑制β活性（13∼35Hz），但在术后6个月的随访期间抑制作用似乎逐渐减弱（p=0.002）。虽然对刺激的反应从第 1 个月下降到第 6 个月，自发的β活性没有变化（p>0.266）。此外，在几分钟内重复刺激后，β 抑制没有表现出习惯效应（p>0.110），这表明 β 抑制的变化可能反映了神经通路的缓慢重构而不是习惯化。β 的抑制也与临床症状改善有关。重要的是，症状相关特征在第 1 个月处于高 β 波段，但在第 6 个月转移到低 β 波段，表明高 β 和低 β 振荡可能发挥不同的功能作用，并对长时间的刺激做出不同的反应。期治疗。结论这些数据可能会促进对慢性 DBS 对 β 振荡的影响及其与临床改善的关联的理解，