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Mechanisms and pathways of mitochondrial outer membrane protein biogenesis
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics ( IF 3.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148323
Arushi Gupta , Thomas Becker

Outer membrane proteins integrate mitochondria into the cellular environment. They warrant exchange of small molecules like metabolites and ions, transport proteins into mitochondria, form contact sites to other cellular organelles for lipid exchange, constitute a signaling platform for apoptosis and inflammation and mediate organelle fusion and fission. The outer membrane contains two types of integral membrane proteins. Proteins with a transmembrane β-barrel structure and proteins with a single or multiple α-helical membrane spans. All outer membrane proteins are produced on cytosolic ribosomes and imported into the target organelle. Precursors of β-barrel and α-helical proteins are transported into the outer membrane via distinct import routes. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM complex) transports β-barrel precursors across the outer membrane and the sorting and assembly machinery (SAM complex) inserts them into the target membrane. The mitochondrial import (MIM) complex constitutes the major integration site for α-helical embedded proteins. The import of some MIM-substrates involves TOM receptors, while others are imported in a TOM-independent manner. Remarkably, TOM, SAM and MIM complexes dynamically interact to import a large set of different proteins and to coordinate their assembly into protein complexes. Thus, protein import into the mitochondrial outer membrane involves a dynamic platform of protein translocases.



中文翻译:

线粒体外膜蛋白生物发生的机理和途径

外膜蛋白将线粒体整合到细胞环境中。它们保证了小分子如代谢物和离子的交换,将蛋白质转运到线粒体中,形成与其他细胞器的接触位点以进行脂质交换,构成了细胞凋亡和炎症的信号平台,并介导了细胞器融合和裂变。外膜包含两种类型的整合膜蛋白。具有跨膜β桶结构的蛋白质和具有单个或多个α螺旋膜跨度的蛋白质。所有外膜蛋白均在胞质核糖体上产生,并导入靶细胞器中。β-桶和α-螺旋蛋白的前体通过不同的导入途径被转运到外膜中。外膜的转位酶(TOM复合物)将β-桶前体运输穿过外膜,分选和组装机械(SAM复合物)将它们插入目标膜中。线粒体导入(MIM)复合体构成了α-螺旋嵌入蛋白的主要整合位点。某些MIM底物的导入涉及TOM受体,而另一些则以独立于TOM的方式导入。值得注意的是,TOM,SAM和MIM复合物动态相互作用以导入大量不同的蛋白质,并协调它们组装成蛋白质复合物的过程。因此,蛋白质导入线粒体外膜涉及蛋白质转位酶的动态平台。线粒体导入(MIM)复合体构成了α-螺旋嵌入蛋白的主要整合位点。某些MIM底物的导入涉及TOM受体,而另一些则以独立于TOM的方式导入。值得注意的是,TOM,SAM和MIM复合物动态相互作用以导入大量不同的蛋白质,并协调它们组装成蛋白质复合物的过程。因此,蛋白质导入线粒体外膜涉及蛋白质转位酶的动态平台。线粒体导入(MIM)复合体构成了α-螺旋嵌入蛋白的主要整合位点。某些MIM底物的导入涉及TOM受体,而另一些则以独立于TOM的方式导入。值得注意的是,TOM,SAM和MIM复合物动态相互作用以导入大量不同的蛋白质,并协调它们组装成蛋白质复合物的过程。因此,蛋白质导入线粒体外膜涉及蛋白质转位酶的动态平台。

更新日期:2020-10-15
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