Behavioural plasticity during habitat selection plays a key role in determining whether organisms may thrive under human-induced rapid environmental changes. As organisms rely on environmental cues to make decisions, these behavioural responses may be maladaptive. We studied the European stonechat Saxicola torquatus as a model open-habitat bird species breeding in three structurally different land-use types generated by agriculture and forestry activities. In this mosaic landscape, we compared the relative attractiveness and the breeding habitat quality of intensive grassland, Christmas tree plantations and clear-cut patches in plantation forests to test whether habitat selection was adaptive. We examined the settlement pattern of territorial males to evaluate habitat preference. We recorded key parameters reflecting reproductive performances, adult and first-year survival to estimate the individual fitness of the birds and assess the quality of the different land-use types for breeding. Stonechats preferentially settled in clear-cut patches, but their fitness was not found to be markedly different in comparison with the other occupied habitats. Although they produced slightly lower-quality offspring in clear-cut patches, we did not find a negative consequence on first-year survival probabilities or any among-habitat differences in adult survival. With our analysis integrating multiple components of individual fitness, we show that all occupied land-use types are similarly rewarding for the breeding stonechats. Our study shows that some species can benefit from novel land-use types emerging in the landscape as a result of human activities. Flexible habitat selection in the stonechat has most probably contributed to its recent population increase in Western Europe.

栖息地选择过程中的行为可塑性在确定生物体是否可以在人为引起的快速环境变化中兴旺发展中起着关键作用。由于生物依赖于环境提示来做出决定，因此这些行为反应可能是适应不良的。我们研究了欧洲石cha Saxicola torquatus作为一种典型的开放栖息地鸟类物种，可在农业和林业活动产生的三种结构不同的土地利用类型中繁殖。在此镶嵌景观中，我们比较了人工林中集约化草地，圣诞树人工林和明确斑块的相对吸引力和繁殖栖息地质量，以测试栖息地选择是否具有适应性。我们研究了领土男性的定居模式，以评估栖息地的偏好。我们记录了反映繁殖性能，成年和第一年存活率的关键参数，以估计鸟类的个体适应度并评估不同土地利用类型的繁殖质量。石cha优先栖息在清晰的地方，但与其他居住地相比，石fitness的适应性没有明显的不同。尽管它们的后代品质明显较低，但我们并未发现它们对第一年生存率或成年生存率存在任何负面影响。通过我们的分析，综合了个体适应度的多个组成部分，我们发现，所有占用的土地利用类型都对繁殖石窟有类似的奖励。我们的研究表明，由于人类活动，某些物种可以从景观中出现的新型土地利用类型中受益。石聊中灵活的栖息地选择很可能是其最近在西欧人口增长的原因。通过我们的分析，综合了个体适应度的多个组成部分，我们发现，所有占用的土地利用类型都对繁殖石窟有类似的奖励。我们的研究表明，由于人类活动，某些物种可以从景观中出现的新型土地利用类型中受益。石聊中灵活的栖息地选择很可能是其最近在西欧人口增长的原因。通过我们的分析，综合了个体适应度的多个组成部分，我们发现，所有占用的土地利用类型都对繁殖石窟有类似的奖励。我们的研究表明，由于人类活动，某些物种可以从景观中出现的新型土地利用类型中受益。石聊中灵活的栖息地选择很可能是其最近在西欧人口增长的原因。