It is estimated that about 10–20 million peoples are infected with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) around the world and suffered from HTLV-related diseases. The present study was aimed to evaluate the cellular immunity, T-cell activation, humoral immunity, and inflammatory response hallmarks which affect HTLV-1-associated disease progression. A total of 78 participants were included in the study, comprising 39 HTLV-1 asymptomatic careers (ACs) and 39 healthy controls. The HTLV-proviral load (PVL) was determined via real-time PCR technique, and anti-HTLV antibody, sIL2R, sCD30, Neoptrin, hs-CRP, IgE, anti-VCA, anti-EBNA, and anti-EA were assessed by ELISA method. Mean PVL in ACs was 352.7 ± 418.7 copies/10⁴ PBMCs. A significant higher level of sIL-2R was observed in ACs (P < 0.0001). Anti-VCA antibody titer in ACs and healthy controls was 80.72 ± 105.95 and 156.05 ± 130.71, respectively (P = 0.007). Intriguingly, suppression in ACs immune response was not observed. Resultantly, HTLV-1 infection has no effect on the humoral immune response in ACs but greater T-cell activation and function cellular responses were detected. Finally, more studies on various immune markers in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients are greatly needed to illuminate the association of ACs’ immune status with the development of the related diseases.

据估计，全世界约有10-2000万人感染了人类T细胞白血病病毒1型（HTLV-1）并患有HTLV相关疾病。本研究旨在评估影响 HTLV-1 相关疾病进展的细胞免疫、T 细胞活化、体液免疫和炎症反应标志。该研究共包括 78 名参与者，包括 39 名 HTLV-1 无症状职业 (AC) 和 39 名健康对照。通过实时 PCR 技术测定 HTLV 原病毒载量 (PVL)，并通过以下方法评估抗 HTLV 抗体、sIL2R、sCD30、Neoptrin、hs-CRP、IgE、抗 VCA、抗 EBNA 和抗 EA ELISA法。AC 中的平均 PVL 为 352.7 ± 418.7 拷贝/10 ⁴ PBMC。在 ACs 中观察到显着更高水平的 sIL-2R（P< 0.0001)。ACs 和健康对照的抗 VCA 抗体滴度分别为 80.72 ± 105.95 和 156.05 ± 130.71 ( P = 0.007)。有趣的是，没有观察到 ACs 免疫反应的抑制。结果，HTLV-1 感染对 ACs 中的体液免疫反应没有影响，但检测到更大的 T 细胞活化和功能细胞反应。最后，非常需要对成人 T 细胞白血病/淋巴瘤 (ATLL) 和 HTLV-1 相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性下肢轻瘫 (HAM/TSP) 患者的各种免疫标志物进行更多研究，以阐明 ACs 免疫状态与相关疾病的发展。