Our review aims to delineate the psychiatric spectrum of autoantibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis over time through its discoveries of antibodies. We searched in PubMed for appropriate articles depicting the first appearance and spectrum of psychiatric symptomatology in autoantibody-positive encephalitis for this narrative review. Memory impairment was first associated with autoantibodies against intracellular antigens such as anti-HuD antibodies in 1993. 8 years later, autoantibodies against cell membrane surface antigens such as voltage-gated potassium channels were described in conjunction with memory dysfunction. The spectrum of psychiatric syndromes was amplified between 1990 and 2020 to include disorientation, behavior, cognitive dysfunction, obsessive compulsive behavior and suicidality in encephalitis patients occurring together mainly with antibodies against surface antigens, less so against intracellular antigens. In general, we found no specific psychiatric symptoms underlying specific autoantibody-associated encephalitis. As fundamental data on this issue have not been systemically assessed to date, we cannot know whether our specific findings would remain from systematic studies, i.e., on the association between cerebrospinal fluid N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in catatonia. The psychiatric symptomatology overlaps between psychiatric domains and occurs frequently in antibody-positive encephalitis. No specific psychiatric symptoms imply an underlying, specifically autoantibody-associated encephalitis. The psychiatric phenotypology associated with antibody-positive encephalitis has evolved tremendously recently, and this new evidence reveals its relevance for future diagnostic and treatment aspects of autoimmune encephalitis patients.

我们的综述旨在通过抗体的发现来描述自身抗体相关的自身免疫性脑炎的精神病学谱。我们在 PubMed 中搜索了描述自身抗体阳性脑炎中精神症状的首次出现和谱系的适当文章，以用于这篇叙述性综述。记忆障碍首先与 1993 年针对细胞内抗原（例如抗 HuD 抗体）的自身抗体相关。8 年后，针对细胞膜表面抗原（例如电压门控钾通道）的自身抗体与记忆功能障碍一起被描述。1990 年至 2020 年间，精神疾病的范围扩大到包括迷失方向、行为、认知功能障碍、脑炎患者的强迫行为和自杀主要与针对表面抗原的抗体一起发生，较少与针对细胞内抗原的抗体一起发生。总的来说，我们没有发现特定自身抗体相关脑炎背后的特定精神症状。由于迄今为止尚未对这个问题的基本数据进行系统评估，我们无法知道我们的具体发现是否仍来自系统研究，即脑脊液 N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体抗体与紧张症之间的关联。精神病学症状学在精神病学领域之间重叠，并且经常发生在抗体阳性脑炎中。没有特定的精神症状暗示潜在的，特别是自身抗体相关的脑炎。