The genus Phlogacanthus Nees belongs to the family Acanthaceae and is represented by herbs or shrubs species. The present work shows detailed karyomorphological studies in two species, Phlogacanthus quadrangularis (Hook.) Heine and Phlogacanthus guttatus Nees. Both the species grow as undergrowth vegetation. The conservation status of both the species are yet to be determined. The somatic chromosome counts of both the mentioned species are available for the first time, 2 n = 40 for P. quadrangularis and 2 n = 34 for P. guttatus . The karyomorphological observations showed that both plant species show dominance of sub-telocentric chromosomes with a few metacentric chromosomes. P. quadrangularis have telocentric chromosomes which is absent in the other species. The range of length of chromosomes in P. quadrangularis is from 0.340 μ m to 1.32 μ m and that of P. guttatus is from 0.560 μ m to 1.878 μ m. The karyotype type of the two species are classified as 3B type. But the dispersion index (DI) value of both the species are different. P. guttatus shows higher value of DI than P. quadrangularis . Higher the DI value more specialized is the karyotype. By comparing the chromosome length, size, DI value and idiogram of both the species, it is concluded that the karyotype of P. guttatus is more asymmetric and advanced than karyotype of P. quadrangularis . The karyomorphological findings of the present study will aid in determining the importance and utility, ex-situ conservation, protection, preservation and regeneration of germplasm.

中文翻译：

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阿萨姆邦Phlogacanthus Nees 两种物种的核形态学：一些新的核学见解

Phlogacanthus Nees 属属于 Acanthaceae 科，以草本或灌木种类为代表。目前的工作显示了两种物种的详细核形态学研究，Phlogacanthus quadrangularis (Hook.) Heine 和 Phlogacanthus guttatus Nees。这两个物种都作为灌木丛生长。这两个物种的保护状况尚未确定。首次提供上述两种物种的体细胞染色体计数，P. quadrangularis 为 2 n = 40，P. guttatus 为 2 n = 34。核形态观察表明，这两种植物都表现出亚端着丝粒染色体和少量中着丝粒染色体的优势。P. quadrangularis 具有其他物种中不存在的端着丝粒染色体。P. quadrangularis 的染色体长度范围为 0.340 μ m 至 1。32 μ m 和 P. guttatus 的从 0.560 μ m 到 1.878 μ m。两个种的核型归为3B型。但两种物种的分散指数（DI）值不同。P. guttatus 显示出比 P. quadrangularis 更高的 DI 值。DI 值越高，核型越特殊。通过比较两个物种的染色体长度、大小、DI值和个体特征，得出P. guttatus的核型比P. quadrangularis的核型更不对称和更先进。本研究的核形态学发现将有助于确定种质的重要性和效用、异地保存、保护、保存和再生。但两种物种的分散指数（DI）值不同。P. guttatus 显示出比 P. quadrangularis 更高的 DI 值。DI 值越高，核型越特殊。通过比较两个物种的染色体长度、大小、DI值和个体特征，得出P. guttatus的核型比P. quadrangularis的核型更不对称和更先进。本研究的核形态学发现将有助于确定种质的重要性和效用、异地保存、保护、保存和再生。但两种物种的分散指数（DI）值不同。P. guttatus 显示出比 P. quadrangularis 更高的 DI 值。DI 值越高，核型越特殊。通过比较两个物种的染色体长度、大小、DI值和个体特征，得出P. guttatus的核型比P. quadrangularis的核型更不对称和更先进。本研究的核形态学发现将有助于确定种质的重要性和效用、异地保存、保护、保存和再生。guttatus 比 P. quadrangularis 的核型更不对称和更高级。本研究的核形态学发现将有助于确定种质的重要性和效用、异地保存、保护、保存和再生。guttatus 比 P. quadrangularis 的核型更不对称和更高级。本研究的核形态学发现将有助于确定种质的重要性和效用、异地保存、保护、保存和再生。