This paper attempts to clarify the notions of a state of pure shear stress and pure shearing deformations. Specifically, it is shown that pure shearing deformations and pure distortional deformations are not equivalent. Attention is limited to isotropic, compressible, hyperelastic materials. Differences between the distortional deformations of pure shearing, pure shear caused by tension and compression, and plane strain extension and contraction defined as pure shear by Rivlin and Saunders (Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A, Math. Phys. Sci. 243(865):251–288, 1951) are discussed. It is shown that these deformations are physically different and should not be expected to test the same features of a proposed form of the strain energy function. It is also shown that two deformations of pure shearing and two deformations of pure shear caused by tension and compression are nearly universal distortional deformations valid for all strain energy functions.

中文翻译：

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纯剪切和纯扭曲变形不等价

本文试图阐明纯剪切应力状态和纯剪切变形状态的概念。具体来说，它表明纯剪切变形和纯扭曲变形是不等价的。注意仅限于各向同性、可压缩、超弹性材料。Rivlin 和 Saunders (Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. Ser. A, Math. Phys. Sci. 243(865):251–288, 1951) 进行了讨论。结果表明，这些变形在物理上是不同的，不应期望测试所提出的应变能函数形式的相同特征。