We report a 2-year-old child with congenital hydrocephalus who presented with a frontal meningocoele due to ventriculo-subgaleal fistula secondary to hydrocephalus (internal rupture), which gradually ruptured spontaneously through the skin. This case is unique given its association with occipital encephalocele and is only the second case to present with external rupture beyond the age of 1 year. Further, the ventricles have ruptured through the skull, after the closure of anterior fontanelle, into the subgaleal space. It challenges the present understanding that external rupture occurs only through an open anterior fontanelle.

中文翻译：

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囟门闭合后脑积水自发性外部破裂1例报告并文献复习

我们报告了一名患有先天性脑积水的 2 岁儿童，由于继发于脑积水（内部破裂）的脑室 - 帽状腱膜下瘘导致额部脑膜腔膨出，脑积水逐渐自发地通过皮肤破裂。鉴于其与枕部脑膨出的关联，该病例是独一无二的，并且是第二例出现 1 岁以上外部破裂的病例。此外，在前囟门闭合后，脑室已经通过颅骨破裂，进入帽状腱膜下空间。它挑战了目前的理解，即外部破裂仅通过开放的前囟门发生。