PM2.5 in the indoor and outdoor environment has been linked in epidemiology studies to the symptoms, hospital admissions and development of numerous health outcomes including death. The study was conducted during April 2017 and April 2018. PM2.5 samples were collected over 24 h and every third day. The mean PM2.5 level was 13.4 μg m−3 (range: 1.17–39.1 μg m−3). PM2.5 levels exceeded the daily World Health Organization air quality guideline (25 μg m−3) on 14 occasions. The mean soot level was 1.38 m−1 × 10−5 (range: 0 to 5.38 m−1 × 10−5). Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Na and Zn were detected in the PM2.5 samples. The geographical origin of air masses that passed Cape Town was estimated using the Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory software. Four air masses were identified in the cluster analysis: Atlantic-Ocean-WSW, Atlantic-Ocean-SW, Atlantic-Ocean-SSW and Indian-Ocean. The population of Cape Town may experience various health outcomes from the outdoor exposure to PM2.5 and the chemical composition of PM2.5.

中文翻译：

---

南非开普敦气团 PM2.5 化学成分及地理来源


流行病学研究表明，室内和室外环境中的 PM2.5 与症状、入院和包括死亡在内的多种健康结果的发展有关。该研究于 2017 年 4 月和 2018 年 4 月进行。PM2.5 样本在 24 小时内收集一次，每三天一次。 PM2.5 平均水平为 13.4 μg m−3（范围：1.17–39.1 μg m−3）。 PM2.5 水平曾 14 次超过世界卫生组织每日空气质量指南（25 μg m−3）。平均烟灰水平为 1.38 m−1 × 10−5（范围：0 至 5.38 m−1 × 10−5）。 PM2.5 样品中检测到 Cl−、NO3−、SO42−、Al、Ca、Fe、Mg、Na 和 Zn。使用混合单粒子拉格朗日综合轨迹软件估算了经过开普敦的气团的地理起源。聚类分析中确定了四个气团：大西洋-海洋-WSW、大西洋-海洋-SW、大西洋-海洋-SSW 和印度洋。开普敦居民可能会因户外暴露于 PM2.5 和 PM2.5 的化学成分而经历各种健康后果。