In this work, we completed the first identification and quantification of internal lipids for allergenic Phleum pratense pollen grains (PGs). We have extracted PGs with aqueous solvent under different extraction procedures and observed release of extra amount of unsaturated fatty acids (α-linolenic and linoleic acids) when PGs were broken during extraction. We showed that rupture of PGs is necessary for the release of higher quantity of bioactive compounds. Organic solvent extraction of crushed PGs confirmed the predominance of unsaturated fatty acids in the inner parts of PGs as well as a different distribution of external and internal lipids. The total mass of extractible matter by organic solvent was determined at 22 ± 1 mg g−1 for intact pollen and at 48 ± 1 mg g−1 for broken pollen. This finding brings new insight into the physical degradation of PGs by air pollutants during atmospheric transport. We hypothesize that the presence of bioactive lipids in pollen cytoplasm gives further importance to asthma triggered by cracked or broken allergenic PGs. The rupturing of PGs in the atmosphere may expose the population to the risk of inhaling micrometer-sized aerosols (cytoplasmic granules) containing not only allergens but also bioactive lipids.

中文翻译：

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蒲公英花粉粒破裂对脂质提取的影响

在这项工作中，我们完成了对致敏草花粉粒 (PG) 内部脂质的首次鉴定和定量。我们在不同的提取程序下用水性溶剂提取 PG，并观察到当 PG 在提取过程中被破坏时会释放出额外的不饱和脂肪酸（α-亚麻酸和亚油酸）。我们表明，PGs 的破裂对于释放更多的生物活性化合物是必要的。粉碎的 PGs 的有机溶剂提取证实了 PGs 内部不饱和脂肪酸的优势以及外部和内部脂质的不同分布。有机溶剂可提取物的总质量测定为完整花粉为 22 ± 1 mg g-1，破碎花粉为 48 ± 1 mg g-1。这一发现为大气运输过程中空气污染物对 PG 的物理降解带来了新的见解。我们假设花粉细胞质中生物活性脂质的存在对由破裂或破损的过敏原 PG 引发的哮喘具有进一步的重要性。大气中 PG 的破裂可能会使人群面临吸入微米级气溶胶（细胞质颗粒）的风险，其中不仅含有过敏原，还含有生物活性脂质。