The present study describes green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and inulin hydrolyzing enzyme nanocomplexes (ENC) using Azadirachta indica (Ai) and Punica granatum (Pg) leaf extracts. Surface topology and physico-chemical characteristics of AgNPs were studied using surface plasmon resonance (SPR), FTIR, SEM, AFM and EDX analyses. Particle size analysis using dynamic light scattering and AFM studies revealed that Ai-AgNPs (76.4 nm) were spherical in shape having central bigger nano-regime with smaller surroundings while Pg-AgNPs (72.1 nm) and ENCs (Inulinase-Pg-AgNPs ~ 145 nm) were spherical particles having smooth surfaces. Pg-AgNPs exhibited significant photocatalysis of a thiazine dye, methylene blue. Both Ai- and Pg-AgNPs showed selective antibacterial action by inhibiting pathogenic Bacillus cereus, while the probiotic Lactobacillus strains remained unaffected. Ai-AgNPs showed potential anti-biofilm effect (30% viability) on B. cereus biofilms. Pg-AgNPs showed anti-cancer effect against human colon cancer cell lines (Caco-2) resulting in 40% cell death in 48 h. Enzymes (inulinase, L-asparaginase and glucose oxidase) were successfully immobilized onto nanoparticles together with the biogenic synthesis of AgNPs and recyclability of the Inulinase-Pg-AgNPs complex was demonstrated. The study elaborates characteristics of green synthesized nanoparticles and their potential applications as anti-cancer, antibacterial and antioxidant nano drugs that could be used in food and nutraceutical industries. Enzyme immobilization on AgNPs without any toxic cross-linker opens up newer possibilites in enzyme-nanocomplex research.

本研究描述了使用印楝( Ai ) 和石榴( Pg ) 叶提取物绿色合成银纳米颗粒 (AgNP) 和菊粉水解酶纳米复合物 (ENC)。使用表面等离子共振 (SPR)、FTIR、SEM、AFM 和 EDX 分析研究了 AgNP 的表面拓扑和物理化学特性。使用动态光散射和 AFM 研究进行粒度分析表明， Ai- AgNPs (76.4 nm) 呈球形，中心具有较大的纳米区域，周围较小，而Pg- AgNPs (72.1 nm) 和 ENC (Inulinase- Pg -AgNPs ~ 145) nm）是具有光滑表面的球形颗粒。 Pg- AgNPs 对噻嗪染料亚甲蓝表现出显着的光催化作用。 Ai-和Pg- AgNP 均通过抑制致病性蜡状芽孢杆菌而表现出选择性抗菌作用，而益生菌乳杆菌菌株则不受影响。 Ai- AgNPs 对蜡样芽胞杆菌生物膜表现出潜在的抗生物膜作用（30% 活力）。 Pg- AgNPs 对人结肠癌细胞系 (Caco-2) 显示出抗癌作用，导致 48 小时内 40% 的细胞死亡。酶（菊粉酶、L-天冬酰胺酶和葡萄糖氧化酶）与 AgNP 的生物合成一起成功固定在纳米粒子上，并证明了菊粉酶-Pg -AgNP 复合物的可回收性。该研究阐述了绿色合成纳米颗粒的特性及其作为抗癌、抗菌和抗氧化纳米药物的潜在应用，可用于食品和营养保健品行业。 将酶固定在 AgNP 上，无需任何有毒交联剂，为酶纳米复合物研究开辟了新的可能性。