Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the great advancement in understanding the pharmacology and biology of cancer, it still signifies one of the most serious human-health related problems. The current treatments for cancer may include surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, but these procedures have several limitations. Current studies have shown that nanoparticles (NPs) can be used as a novel strategy for cancer treatment. Developing nanosystems that allow lower doses of therapeutic agents, as well as their selective release in tumour cells, may resolve the challenges of targeted cancer therapy. In this review, the authors discuss the role of the size, shape, and surface modifications of NPs in cancer treatment. They also address the challenges associated with cancer therapies based on NPs. The overall purpose of this review is to summarise the recent developments in designing different hybrid NPs with promising therapeutic properties for different types of cancer.

中文翻译：

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用于癌症靶向治疗的表面功能化杂化纳米粒子

癌症是全世界死亡的主要原因。尽管对癌症的药理学和生物学的理解取得了巨大进步，但它仍然是与人类健康相关的最严重的问题之一。目前的癌症治疗方法可能包括手术、放疗和化疗，但这些手术有一些局限性。目前的研究表明，纳米粒子（NP）可以用作癌症治疗的新策略。开发允许较低剂量的治疗剂及其在肿瘤细胞中选择性释放的纳米系统可能会解决靶向癌症治疗的挑战。在这篇综述中，作者讨论了纳米粒子的大小、形状和表面修饰在癌症治疗中的作用。他们还解决了与基于纳米粒子的癌症疗法相关的挑战。本综述的总体目的是总结设计不同混合纳米颗粒的最新进展，这些纳米颗粒对不同类型的癌症具有良好的治疗特性。