Since the WHO declared coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic, huge efforts were made to understand the disease, its pathogenesis, and treatment. COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), which is closely related to SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). This article attempts to provide a timely and comprehensive review of the coronaviruses over the years, and the epidemics they caused in this century with a focus on the current pandemic COVID-19. It also covers the basics about the disease immunopathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options. Although almost every single week new clinical findings are published, which change our understanding of COVID-19, this review explores and explains the disease and the treatment options available so far. In summary, many therapeutic options are being investigated to treat and/or ameliorate the symptoms of COVID-19, but none is registered and no sufficient data to support immune-based therapy beyond the context of clinical trials. For that, strengthening our immune system is the best defense at this time.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19：过去和现在之间

自世界卫生组织宣布2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）为大流行以来，人们付出了巨大的努力来了解这种疾病，其发病机理和治疗方法。COVID-19是由严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV2）引起的，该病毒与SARS相关冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）密切相关。本文试图对这些年来的冠状病毒及其在本世纪引起的流行病进行及时而全面的综述，重点关注当前的大流行COVID-19。它还涵盖了有关疾病免疫发病机制，诊断，预后和治疗选择的基础知识。尽管几乎每星期都会发布新的临床发现，这改变了我们对COVID-19的理解，但本综述探索并解释了迄今为止的疾病和治疗选择。总之，目前正在研究许多治疗选择，以治疗和/或缓解COVID-19的症状，但未进行任何注册，也没有足够的数据支持超出临床试验范围的基于免疫的治疗。为此，增强我们的免疫系统是目前最好的防御措施。