Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is hampered by long scan times and only qualitative image contrasts that prohibit a direct comparison between different systems. Instead of assuming a fixed Fourier relationship, model-based reconstructions explicitly model the physical laws that govern the MRI signal generation. By formulating image reconstruction as an inverse problem, quantitative maps of the underlying physical parameters can then be extracted directly from efficiently acquired k-space signals without intermediate image reconstruction -- addressing both shortcomings of conventional MRI at the same time. This review will discuss basic concepts of model-based reconstructions and report about our experience in developing several model-based methods over the last decade using selected examples.

中文翻译：

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基于物理的磁共振成像重建方法

传统的磁共振成像 (MRI) 受到长扫描时间和仅禁止在不同系统之间进行直接比较的定性图像对比度的阻碍。基于模型的重建不是假设固定的傅立叶关系，而是明确地对控制 MRI 信号生成的物理定律进行建模。通过将图像重建表述为一个逆问题，然后可以直接从有效获取的 k 空间信号中提取潜在物理参数的定量图，而无需中间图像重建——同时解决了传统 MRI 的两个缺点。本综述将讨论基于模型的重建的基本概念，并报告我们在过去十年中使用选定的示例开发几种基于模型的方法的经验。