Polyphenol, characterized by various phenolic rings in the chemical structure and an abundance in nature, can be extracted from vegetables, grains, chocolates, fruits, tea, legumes, and seeds, among other sources. Tannic acid (TA), a classical polyphenol with a specific chemical structure, has been widely used in biomedicine because of its outstanding biocompatibility and antibacterial and antioxidant properties. TA has tunable interactions with various materials that are widely distributed in the body, such as proteins, polysaccharides, and glycoproteins, through multimodes including hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and charge interactions, assisting TA as important building blocks in the supramolecular self-assembled materials. This review summarizes the recent immense progress in supramolecular self-assembled materials using TA as building blocks to generate different materials such as hydrogels, nanoparticles/microparticles, hollow capsules, and coating films, with enormous potential medical applications including drug delivery, tumor diagnosis and treatment, bone tissue engineering, biofunctional membrane material, and the treatment of certain diseases. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and developmental prospects of supramolecular self-assembly nanomaterials based on TA.

多酚的特征是化学结构中含有多种酚环，并且在自然界中含量丰富，可以从蔬菜、谷物、巧克力、水果、茶叶、豆类和种子等来源中提取。单宁酸（TA）是一种具有特定化学结构的经典多酚，因其突出的生物相容性和抗菌抗氧化特性而广泛应用于生物医学领域。 TA通过氢键、疏水相互作用、电荷相互作用等多种模式与体内广泛分布的多种材料如蛋白质、多糖、糖蛋白等具有可调节的相互作用，帮助TA成为超分子自组装材料的重要组成部分。该综述总结了近年来以TA为构建单元的超分子自组装材料的巨大进展，可生成水凝胶、纳米颗粒/微粒、空心胶囊和涂层薄膜等不同材料，在药物输送、肿瘤诊断和治疗等医疗领域具有巨大的潜在应用前景、骨组织工程、生物功能膜材料以及某些疾病的治疗。此外，我们还讨论了基于TA的超分子自组装纳米材料的挑战和发展前景。