Abstract

Two dimensional (2D) graphene and its derivatives modification with nanomaterials for formation of hybrid/nanocomposites undergo stimulus-induced optical and electrical changes which are important for many new switchable device technologies. The feature article deals with a straight forward and versatile technique for the fabrication of semiconductor nanomaterials (CdS and TiO₂) nanomaterials dispersed liquid crystals (NDLC) or graphene dispersed liquid crystal (GDLC) by stretching hydrogen bonds (H-) in the precursor droplets between two substrates to form a liquid bridge. Fewer liquid crystals (LCs) possess a conventional oriented nematic phase with optimal performances. Evolving advantages of thin-film nanocomposite materials and switchable devices have fueled several developments in the field of flexible electronics, high contrast ratio smart display and opto-electronics. These advantages have been complemented with the expansion of novel composite materials such as GDLC and NDLC as sensors to monitor the inflammability, explosive nature and toxicity of chemicals. This discussion also delves into the fabrication of graphene assembly polymer nanocomposites dispersed in LCs, the necessity for bio-polymer incorporation and their bio-sensing and antimicrobial applications. Additionally, discussed the issues and challenges associated with understanding and exploiting the potentials of smart switchable devices fabricated by nanomaterials or polymer/graphene hybrid composite matrix. Following substantial development and optimized over decades, a novel mechanism employed in smart switchable devices via GDLC hybrid nanocomposite matrix has been found to offer numerous benefits including being cost-effective, possessing a large area compatibility and large scalability in addition to seamless heterogeneous integration.

摘要

用于形成混合/纳米复合材料的二维 (2D) 石墨烯及其衍生物改性纳米材料会经历刺激引起的光学和电学变化，这对许多新的可切换器件技术很重要。专题文章介绍了一种用于制造半导体纳米材料（CdS 和 TiO ₂) 纳米材料分散液晶 (NDLC) 或石墨烯分散液晶 (GDLC) 通过拉伸两个基板之间的前体液滴中的氢键 (H-) 以形成液桥。较少的液晶 (LC) 具有传统的定向向列相，具有最佳性能。薄膜纳米复合材料和可切换器件的不断发展的优势推动了柔性电子、高对比度智能显示和光电子领域的多项发展。这些优势与新型复合材料（如 GDLC 和 NDLC）作为传感器的扩展相辅相成，以监测化学品的易燃性、爆炸性和毒性。该讨论还深入研究了分散在 LC 中的石墨烯组装聚合物纳米复合材料的制造，生物聚合物掺入及其生物传感和抗菌应用的必要性。此外，还讨论了与理解和利用由纳米材料或聚合物/石墨烯混合复合基质制造的智能可切换设备的潜力相关的问题和挑战。经过数十年的大量开发和优化，通过 GDLC 混合纳米复合材料矩阵在智能可切换设备中采用的新机制已被发现具有许多优点，包括具有成本效益、大面积兼容性和大可扩展性以及无缝异构集成。讨论了与理解和开发由纳米材料或聚合物/石墨烯混合复合基质制造的智能可切换设备的潜力相关的问题和挑战。经过数十年的大量开发和优化，通过 GDLC 混合纳米复合材料矩阵在智能可切换设备中采用的新机制已被发现具有许多优点，包括具有成本效益、大面积兼容性和大可扩展性以及无缝异构集成。讨论了与理解和开发由纳米材料或聚合物/石墨烯混合复合基质制造的智能可切换设备的潜力相关的问题和挑战。经过数十年的大量开发和优化，通过 GDLC 混合纳米复合材料矩阵在智能可切换设备中采用的新机制已被发现具有许多优点，包括具有成本效益、大面积兼容性和大可扩展性以及无缝异构集成。