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Targeting immunometabolism in host defence against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Immunology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 , DOI: 10.1111/imm.13276 Frederick J Sheedy 1 , Maziar Divangahi 2
Immunology ( IF 4.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-06 , DOI: 10.1111/imm.13276 Frederick J Sheedy 1 , Maziar Divangahi 2
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In the face of ineffective vaccines, increasing antibiotic resistance and the decline in new antibacterial drugs in the pipeline, tuberculosis (TB) still remains pandemic. Exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which causes TB, results in either direct elimination of the pathogen, most likely by the innate immune system, or infection and containment that requires both innate and adaptive immunity to form the granuloma. Host defence strategies against infectious diseases are comprised of both host resistance, which is the ability of the host to prevent invasion or to eliminate the pathogen, and disease tolerance, which is defined by limiting the collateral tissue damage. In this review, we aim to examine the metabolic demands of the immune cells involved in both host resistance and disease tolerance, chiefly the macrophage and T‐lymphocyte. We will further discuss how baseline metabolic heterogeneity and inflammation‐driven metabolic reprogramming during infection are linked to their key immune functions containing mycobacterial growth and instructing protective immunity. Targeting key players in immune cellular metabolism may provide a novel opportunity for treatments at different stages of TB disease.
中文翻译：
靶向免疫代谢在宿主防御结核分枝杆菌中的作用
面对无效的疫苗、抗生素耐药性的增加以及正在研发的新抗菌药物的减少，结核病（TB）仍然是一种流行病。接触导致结核病的结核分枝杆菌( Mtb )，会导致病原体被直接消除（很可能是通过先天免疫系统实现），或者会导致感染和遏制，需要先天免疫和适应性免疫才能形成肉芽肿。针对传染病的宿主防御策略包括宿主抵抗力（宿主防止入侵或消除病原体的能力）和疾病耐受性（通过限制附带组织损伤来定义）。在这篇综述中，我们的目的是检查参与宿主抵抗和疾病耐受的免疫细胞（主要是巨噬细胞和 T 淋巴细胞）的代谢需求。我们将进一步讨论感染期间的基线代谢异质性和炎症驱动的代谢重编程如何与其关键免疫功能（包括分枝杆菌生长和指导保护性免疫）联系起来。针对免疫细胞代谢中的关键参与者可能为结核病不同阶段的治疗提供新的机会。
更新日期：2020-10-06
中文翻译：
靶向免疫代谢在宿主防御结核分枝杆菌中的作用
面对无效的疫苗、抗生素耐药性的增加以及正在研发的新抗菌药物的减少，结核病（TB）仍然是一种流行病。接触导致结核病的结核分枝杆菌( Mtb )，会导致病原体被直接消除（很可能是通过先天免疫系统实现），或者会导致感染和遏制，需要先天免疫和适应性免疫才能形成肉芽肿。针对传染病的宿主防御策略包括宿主抵抗力（宿主防止入侵或消除病原体的能力）和疾病耐受性（通过限制附带组织损伤来定义）。在这篇综述中，我们的目的是检查参与宿主抵抗和疾病耐受的免疫细胞（主要是巨噬细胞和 T 淋巴细胞）的代谢需求。我们将进一步讨论感染期间的基线代谢异质性和炎症驱动的代谢重编程如何与其关键免疫功能（包括分枝杆菌生长和指导保护性免疫）联系起来。针对免疫细胞代谢中的关键参与者可能为结核病不同阶段的治疗提供新的机会。
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