In recent years, various heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) control strategies have been proposed to reduce buildings’ energy consumption and environmental impacts. Due to different research designs, it is impossible to directly compare the reported performance of these strategies and determine the best approach for operating real-world buildings. To fill this gap, this research uses a well-validated building simulation model to holistically evaluate the performance of 12 existing HVAC cooling strategies in reducing the total cooling energy use, peak demand, and cooling energy cost. The findings include: i) The ON/OFF and night setup control strategies could lead to even higher energy cost than the 24/7 operation baseline; ii) demand-limiting control methods performed well across the three energy performance metrics and achieved the highest energy reduction ratios ranging from 9.8-10.5%; iii) precooling and extended precooling reduced the peak load most significantly by 15.4% and 21.4%, respectively; and iv) the resistive-capacitive (RC) network-based precooling optimization resulted in the highest electricity cost savings with reduction ratios of 16.6% and 12.9%, based on the two common price schedules. Besides providing valuable insights to the research community, this study offers a practical method to help building operators analyze and select the best HVAC control strategies for their energy management goals.

近年来，已提出了各种供暖，通风和空调（HVAC）控制策略，以减少建筑物的能耗和环境影响。由于不同的研究设计，不可能直接比较这些策略的报告性能并确定操作实际建筑物的最佳方法。为了填补这一空白，本研究使用经过充分验证的建筑模拟模型，全面评估了12种现有HVAC制冷策略在减少总制冷能源使用，峰值需求和制冷能源成本方面的性能。研究结果包括：i）开/关和夜间设置控制策略可能导致比24/7操作基准更高的能源成本；ii）限制需求的控制方法在这三个能源绩效指标中均表现良好，并实现了9.8-10.5％的最高节能比；iii）预冷和延长的预冷分别使峰值负荷最大程度地降低了15.4％和21.4％；iv）基于两种常见的价格表，基于电阻电容（RC）网络的预冷优化节省了最高的电力成本，降低率分别为16.6％和12.9％。除了为研究界提供宝贵的见识之外，本研究还提供了一种实用的方法来帮助建筑运营商分析和选择最佳的HVAC控制策略以实现其能源管理目标。分别为4％；iv）基于两种常见的价格表，基于电阻电容（RC）网络的预冷优化节省了最高的电力成本，降低率分别为16.6％和12.9％。除了为研究界提供宝贵的见识之外，本研究还提供了一种实用的方法来帮助建筑运营商分析和选择最佳的HVAC控制策略以实现其能源管理目标。分别为4％；iv）基于两种常见的价格表，基于电阻电容（RC）网络的预冷优化节省了最高的电力成本，降低率分别为16.6％和12.9％。除了为研究界提供宝贵的见识之外，本研究还提供了一种实用的方法来帮助建筑运营商分析和选择最佳的HVAC控制策略以实现其能源管理目标。